도마복음서에 나타난 영지주의 - '몸'을 통해 본 이원론을 중심으로 -
Gnosticism in Gospel of Thomas
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Abstract
Wisdom called "Gnosis" is the theme of [Gospel of Thomas]. Wisdom sayings express the truth about God and the human nature. They speak about humans and their proper relation with the world in which they dwell. "Wisdom sayings" in [Gospel of Thomas], like other Jewish, Christian, and Greek literature of wisdom, contains sayings that reveal what is fundamental about humans and the world.Thomas, the compiler of this sayings, reinforced authenticity of his sayings' authenticity by claiming that he is the twin brother of Jesus. Thomas' brotherhood with Jesus survived only in Eastern Syrian Church. It is most likely to have been borne and preserved in the Syriac/Aramaic-speaking milieu where 'Thomas' came to be understood not 'twin' in the literal sense, but as a proper name.One of the prominent theological features which is distinctive in [Gospel of Thomas] is 'dualism'. Dualism itself is hard to define, but it is common to characterize [Gospel of Thomas] as radically dualistic.Thomas's description of dualism in "body" and "garment" language in his saying. It is clear in [Gospel of Thomas] that the body is understood to be something inferior when compared to the inner spiritual self. However, Thomas's dualism is not radical dualism in his description of the bodily reality. Scholars tend to interpret the sayings about "stripping the garment" in relation with baptism, rite de passage. [Gospel of Thomas] not only lacks direct references to baptism, but also contains several anti-ritual saying. The personal identity through 'gnosis' is not so much group-oriented but based on the internal true self.
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