청소년기 탈비행화 과정
A Study on the Process of Desistance from Delinquency during Adolescence
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본 연구는 청소년기 탈비행화 과정에 관한 연구로서 청소년들이 어떻게 비행과정에서 탈비행으로의 성공적인 변화를 하게 되었는지 그 과정과 경험의 의미를 밝히고 결과적으로 자료에 근거하여 실체이론을 제시하고자 Strauss와 Corbin(1998)의 근거이론방법을 적용하여 수행하였다. 연구결과 청소년기 탈비행화 과정은 단순한 ‘비행소강상태나 비행중단기간’이 아니라 ‘비행에서 벗어나 적응적 일상으로 회귀하는 과정’이었으며 개인과 환경과의 역동적 상호작용을 통해 내적․외적으로 변화해가는 점진적인 발달적 과정으로, 비행문제를 가지고 있는 청소년들도 세계 내 존재(being-in-the-world)로서의 자기(self)를 실현하고자 하는 기본적인 성장욕구가 있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 청소년기 탈비행의 개입방향은 현재의 비행억제나 제재에 중점을 두기보다는, 청소년의 개별적, 심리사회적 욕구와 주관적 경험을 존중하고, 청소년들의 자기(self)를 실현하고자 하는 기본적인 성장욕구에 초점을 두어 청소년의 성장과정을 도와주는 것이 필요하다고 본다. 이에 대한 구체적 개입전략은 조급한 개입의 효과를 기대하기 보다는 다양한 사회적 참여와 학습기회를 제공하고 사회적 지지망을 형성하는 등 청소년 복지서비스 프로그램 개발 및 시스템을 구축하고, 청소년들이 마음의 문을 열 수 있도록 이해와 존중을 바탕으로 친밀한 관계를 형성하고 지속적인 관심과 수용적 태도를 갖고 청소년이 적응적 일상으로 회귀할 수 있도록 도와주고 지켜봐주는 것이 필요하다.
Abstract
This study, aimed at exploring the process of desistance from delinquency among adolescents, found out the significance of the experiences and processes adolescents went through in their successful shift away from delinquency and carried out the grounded theory method of Strauss and Corbin (1998) to suggest a substantive theory based on data. The results in this study indicate that desistance from delinquency during adolescence is characterized as a dynamic and sociopsychological process that is accompanied by the interaction of various conditions. Therefore, it is not desirable to expect the results of intervention any time soon. Rather, it is required to establish a youth welfare system and develop social welfare service programs that provide a variety of social participations and experiences for youths. It is also needed to have continued interest in and understanding of helping and waiting for juvenile delinquents to get back to adaptive normal lives. With this in mind, the study elaborates on the experiences and significance of desistance from juvenile delinquency, and explores all the conditions affecting it and its processes and types, thereby formulating a substantive theory concerning the desistance process. By doing so, the study offers a practical and concrete understanding of the desistance process and find ways to help promote it, thus providing the need for the development of an intervention strategy for social welfare practice.
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