망막분지정맥폐쇄 환자의 오목무혈관부위 면적측정에서의 빛간섭단층혈관조영술의 효용성
Efficacy of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Measuring the Foveal Avascular Zone Area in Patients with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
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목적: 망막분지정맥폐쇄 환자에서 빛간섭단층혈관조영술(optical coherence tomography angiography, OCTA) 및 형광안저혈관조영술의 오목무혈관부위 면적측정을 통하여 빛간섭단층혈관조영술의 효용성을 확인한다. 대상과 방법: 망막분지정맥폐쇄가 있었던 34명을 대상으로 후향적으로 과거력, 안저검사, 형광안저혈관조영술, 빛간섭단층촬영검사, 빛간섭단층혈관조영술 결과를 분석하였다. 형광안저혈관조영술과 빛간섭단층혈관조영술을 사용하여 오목무혈관부위의 면적을 중심와두께(300 μm)를 기준으로 황반부종의 유무를 구분하여 두 개의 군으로 나누고 측정된 면적을 비교하였다. 결과: 형광안저혈관조영술과 빛간섭단층혈관조영술로 측정한 표층의 오목무혈관부위 면적은 황반부종의 유무와 관계없이 선형의 상관관계가 있었으나(r=0.845, p=0.001), 심부층에서는 상관관계가 없었고 통계적으로도 유의하지 않았다(r=0.001, p=0.996). 또한 형광안저혈관조영술과 빛간섭단층혈관조영술의 표층에서 측정한 오목무혈관부위 면적은 두 측정법 간에 유의한 일치를 보였지만(intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.916, p=0.001), 심부층에서 면적과의 비교는 신뢰할 수 없었으며 통계적으로도 유의하지 않았다(ICC=0.001, p=0.501). 결론: 망막분지정맥폐쇄 환자에서 빛간섭단층혈관조영술은 형광안저혈관조영술의 2차원적인 단면에서의 오목무혈관부위 면적측정을 벗어나 표층과 심부층에서 오목무혈관부위를 측정할 수 있었다. 표층에서의 오목무혈관부위는 형광안저혈관조영술과 유의한 상관관계를 보였지만, 심부층의 오목무혈관부위는 그렇지 않았다. 하지만 심부층 오목무혈관부위는 환자의 시력저하와 양의 상관관계를 보이고 있어 시력예후를 반영하는 지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) by measuring the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: Thirty four eyes of 34 patients with BRVO were retrospectively reviewed. The area of the FAZ was calculated using fluorescein angiography (FAG) and OCTA. The FAZ area was divided into two groups according to the presence of macular edema, which was determined based on the central foveal thickness (300 μm), and then the measured areas were compared. Results: Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between FAG and the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) in OCTA with or without macular edema (r = 0.845, p = 0.001). However, there was not a significant correlation between FAG and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) in OCTA (r = 0.001, p = 0.996). In addition, the FAZ area measured by FAG and OCTA in the SCP showed a significant agreement between the two methods (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.916, p = 0.001). However, there was no significant relation found for the FAZ area between FAG and OCTA in the DCP (ICC = 0.001, p = 0.501). Conclusions: In the patients with BRVO, OCTA can be used to measure the FAZ areas in both the SCP and DCP, beyond measurement of the FAZ area at the two-dimensional cross section used during FAG. The FAZ area in the SCP via OCTA showed a statistically significant correlation with the FAZ area determined by FAG, but there was no such correlation in the DCP. That said, the FAZ area in the DCP was positively correlated with a decrease in visual acuity among the patients, which may be an indicator of visual prognosis.
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