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가상현실기기 사용이 눈피로에 미치는 영향 평가 연구

Relationship between Ocular Fatigue and Use of a Virtual Reality Device

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목적: Head mounted display (HMD) 형태의 가상현실기기 사용으로 인한 눈피로의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 건강한 젊은 성인 지원자를 대상으로 HMD 형태의 가상현실기기를 10분간 사용하도록 하고, 눈피로에 대해 전향적으로 분석하였다. 눈피로의 주관적 평가는 설문지를 사용하였다. 객관적 평가로는 임계플리커융합빈도, 조절미세파동검사(accommodative microfluctuation)의 고진동수 영역(high frequency component)과 조절력의 변화는 Push-up method와 자동굴절검사기의 동적조절력검사를 통해 시행하였다. 그리고 구면렌즈대응치의 변화를 측정했다. 결과: 시청 후 주관적인 설문 평가에서 눈피로가 증가하였고(p=0.020), 객관적인 평가에서는 조절미세파동검사의 고진동수 영역검사에서 우세안의 눈피로 증가와(p<0.05), Push-up method를 통한 조절력검사에서 비우세안의 조절력 감소(p=0.007)와 일시적 근시화(p<0.05)가 관찰되었다. 임계플리커융합빈도에서는 눈피로의 증가가 관찰되지 않았고, 동적조절력검사에서도 조절력의 유의한 변화(p>0.05)가 없었다. 결론: 주관적인 검사와 일부 객관적 평가에서 눈피로의 증가가 확인되어 HMD 사용이 눈피로를 증가시킨다고 추정할 수 있었지만, 임계플리커융합빈도와 동적조절력검사에서 눈피로의 증가가 관찰되지 않은 점이 한계로 남는다. 추후 HMD 기기 사용으로 인한 눈피로의 감소 방법에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate ocular fatigue after the use of a head-mounted display (HMD)-type virtual reality device. Methods: Healthy adult volunteers were examined for ocular fatigue before and after watching videos for 10 min with an HMD-type virtual reality device. Subjective ocular fatigue was measured using a questionnaire. Objective fatigue was measured using the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), high frequency component of accommodative microfluctuation, and accommodation amplitude. The accommodation amplitude was measured using the push-up method and the dynamic measurement mode of the autorefractometer. Changes in the spherical equivalent were also measured. Results: The questionnaire-based subjective ocular fatigue increased (p = 0.020) after use of the HMD device. In the dominant eye, the high frequency component of accommodative microfluctuation increased (p < 0.05). The accommodation amplitude using the push-up method was decreased in the nondominant eye (p = 0.007), and temporary myopia was observed (p < 0.05). However, there was no increase in ocular fatigue in the CFF or the accommodation amplitude using the dynamic measurement mode, which showed no significant difference before and after using the HMD device (p > 0.05). Conclusions: A subjective test and some objective tests suggested that use of the HMD-type virtual reality display increased ocular fatigue. However, no increase in ocular fatigue was measured using CFF nor in the accommodation amplitude using the dynamic measurement mode which was a limitation of the study. More studies with the aim to alleviate ocular fatigue after using HMD-type virtual reality devices are therefore needed.

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