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망막전막 환자에서 빛간섭단층촬영 형태에 따른 유리체절제술 이후 맥락막 두께의 변화

Choroidal Thickness Changes Following Vitrectomy in Epiretinal Membrane Based on the Optical Coherence Tomography Pattern

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목적: 망막전막 환자를 빛간섭단층촬영(optical coherence tomography, OCT)의 형태에 따라 분류하여 유리체절제술의 시행이 맥락막 두께에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 형태에 따른 수술 결과를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 망막전막으로 유리체절제술을 시행받은 122안을 대상으로 의무 기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 망막전막의 형태는 OCT를 이용하여 황반부 형태에 따라 낭포황반부종형(cystoid macular edema, CME), 볼록형(Convex), 편평형(Flat), 정상황반윤곽형(Normal), 가성층판원공형(pseudolamellar hole, PLH), 유리체황반견인형(vitreomacular traction, VMT)의 6가지 형태로 구분하였으며 수술 전 다국소망막전위도 검사, 수술 전후 황반하 맥락막의 두께, 황반부 망막 두께, 최대교정시력을 측정하여 연관을 분석하였다. 결과: 수술 전 검사 결과 유리체황반견인형 망막전막에서만 맥락막의 두께가 반대안에 비해 증가하였으나(207 μm vs. 234 μm, p=0.028) 술 후 12개월 이후에는 형태와 무관하게 맥락막의 두께가 감소하였다(모두 p<0.05). 술 전 시력은 Normal>Flat>PLH>Convex>CME> VMT 순으로 형태에 따라 차이가 있었으며(p=0.002) 다국소망막전위도검사와 양의 선형 상관관계를 보였다(p=0.001). 수술 후 최종시력은 Normal>PLH>Flat>VMT>Convex>CME (p=0.030) 순으로 차이를 보였으며 유리체절제술 과정에서 가스 주입 유무는 시력(p=0.550), 망막 두께(p=0.458) 및 맥락막 두께(p=0.127)에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 결론: 망막전막 환자에서 황반하 맥락막 두께는 유리체황반견인형에서만 증가되어 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 망막전막제거술 시행 후 맥락막 두께는 OCT를 이용한 형태학적 분류와 관계없이 모든 형태에서 감소하였다.

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the influence of morphological classification in epiretinal membrane (ERM) based on surgical outcomes and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the postoperative choroidal thickness. Methods: This observational study included 122 eyes with ERM who underwent vitrectomy. Using OCT, the preoperative ERM was classified into six types: cystoid macular edema (CME), convex, flat, normal foveal contour (Normal), pseudolamellar hole (PLH), and vitreomacular traction (VMT). The preoperative multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), postoperative change in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), central macular thickness (CMT), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared. Results: Preoperative subfoveal choroidal thickness increased in the VMT type compared to the fellow eye (207 μm vs. 234 μm, p = 0.028). Choroidal thickness decreased in all types at 12 months after vitrectomy (all, p < 0.05). There was a positive linear correlation between the mfERG and the preoperative BCVA (p = 0.001). The initial visual acuity was best in the Normal type followed by the flat, PLH, convex, CME, and VMT types (p = 0.001). The final visual acuity was the best in the Normal type, followed by the PLH, Flat, VMT, Convex, and CME types (p = 0.030). Gas tamponade during the surgery did not affect the surgical outcomes of the CMT (p = 0.458), BCVA (p = 0.550), and SCT (p = 0.127). Conclusions: Preoperative SCT increased only in the VMT type, but choroidal thickness decreased in all types after vitrectomy, regardless of the preoperative morphology.

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