임신 중 우울증상에 대한 임상연구
A clinical study of depressive symptoms during pregnancy
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목적: 본 연구는 임신 중 발생하는 우울증의 빈도 및 이에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들을 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 방법: 2008년 3월 1일부터 2008년 5월 31일까지 강남성모병원에서 산전진찰을 받은 여성 중 우울증 연구에 동의한 205명의 산모를 대상으로 인구-사회학적 정보 및 임신과 관련된 설문지와 산후우울증 평가 척도 (EPDS)를 작성하도록 하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 12.0을 이용하여 chi-square test 및 Fisher’s extract test를 통해 산출하였고, P값이 0.05 미만인 경우에 통계적으로 유의하다고 하였다. 결과: 205명의 산모의 EPDS 점수는 평균 7.3±4.2이었으며, 26.4%인 54명은 10 이상으로 우울상태에 해당되었다. 임신의 각 분기별 비교에서 우울증 발생 빈도는 차이를 보이지 않았다 (25.7% vs. 29.0% vs. 25.0%, P=0.844).또한 인구-사회학적 요소 중 우울증 발생에 의미있게 영향을 주는 요인은 발견되지 않았다. 임신과 관련된 요소 중에서는, 임신을 계획하지 않았던 경우에 우울증 발생율이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았으며 (34.6% vs. 21.0%, P=0.036),이전 임신 시 사산이나 태아의 선천성 기형 등 문제가 있었던 경우도 우울증 발생과 연관이 있는 것으로 나타났다 (56.3% vs. 23.8%, P=0.014). 결론: 본 연구는 임신 중 우울증상에 대한 첫 임상 분석이라는 데 큰 의의가 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 우울증에 대한 보다 적극적인 관리를 해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Objective: To examine the incidence of the depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the socio-demographic and obstetric factors associated with depression. Methods: Two hundred five women who had received antenatal care at Kangnam St. Mary’s Hospital from March 2008 to May 2008 completed the questionnaire related to socio-demographic characteristics and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Statistics were performed using chi-square test and Fisher’s extract test (SPSS 12.0). Results were considered statistically significant for P-values<0.05. Results: Of 205 pregnant women, the mean score of EPDS was 7.3±4.2.54 of 205 women (26.5%) scored more than 10 point which is the cutoff value to define depressive symptoms. The incidences of depressive symptoms were not significantly different by the trimester (25.7% vs. 29.0% vs. 25.0%, P<0.844). There were no significant socio-geographic factors associated with depressive symptoms. In cases of unexpected pregnancies, the incidence of depressive symptoms was significantly high (34.6% vs. 21.0%, P=0.036), and the women who have problems of previous pregnancies scored significantly higher EPDS (56.3% vs. 23.8%, P=0.014). Conclusion: This study was the first report about the depression symptoms during pregnancy. Based on this study, we have to focus on and manage depression symptoms related to pregnancy.
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