Hydrochlorothiazide use and the risk of skin cancer in patients with hypertensive disorder: a nationwide retrospective cohort study from Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background/Aims: Recent studies have shown a cumulative dose-dependent association between the use of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and skin cancer, including melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in Western Europe. However, whether this pattern is present in East Asia countries is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HCTZ use and the risk of skin cancer among a cohort of hypertensive patients in South Korea. Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based cohort study using the database from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service between January 1, 2007 and June 30, 2017 in South Korea. We identified patients diagnosed with melanoma and NMSC in the cohorts of essential hypertensive patients who were treated with HCTZ or antihypertensive agents other than HCTZ. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, the hazard ratios (HR) for skin cancer associated with HCTZ users were calculated. Results: The risk of melanoma was significantly lower in HCTZ-users compared with non-HCTZ users (HR, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 0.97; p = 0.016), and the risk of NMSC was lower in the HCTZ users but no statistically significant association was seen (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.02; p = 0.236). High cumulative doses (≥ 50,000 mg) of HCTZ were associated with decreased risk of both NMSC (HR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.38; p < 0.001) and melanoma (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.70; p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: High cumulative use of HCTZ may have a chemopreventive effect against the development of melanoma and NMSC with clear cumulative dose-response and duration-response relationships in South Korea.
Abstract
Background/Aims: Recent studies have shown a cumulative dose-dependent association between the use of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and skin cancer, including melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in Western Europe. However, whether this pattern is present in East Asia countries is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HCTZ use and the risk of skin cancer among a cohort of hypertensive patients in South Korea. Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based cohort study using the database from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service between January 1, 2007 and June 30, 2017 in South Korea. We identified patients diagnosed with melanoma and NMSC in the cohorts of essential hypertensive patients who were treated with HCTZ or antihypertensive agents other than HCTZ. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, the hazard ratios (HR) for skin cancer associated with HCTZ users were calculated. Results: The risk of melanoma was significantly lower in HCTZ-users compared with non-HCTZ users (HR, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 0.97; p = 0.016), and the risk of NMSC was lower in the HCTZ users but no statistically significant association was seen (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.02; p = 0.236). High cumulative doses (≥ 50,000 mg) of HCTZ were associated with decreased risk of both NMSC (HR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.38; p < 0.001) and melanoma (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.70; p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: High cumulative use of HCTZ may have a chemopreventive effect against the development of melanoma and NMSC with clear cumulative dose-response and duration-response relationships in South Korea.
참고문헌 (38)
- de Vries E, "Known and potential new risk factors for skin cancer in European populations : a multicentre case-control study", Br J Dermatol, 167, pp.1~13 (2012)
- Han J, "Risk factors for skin cancers : a nested case-control study within the Nurses’Health Study", Int J Epidemiol, 35, pp.1514~1521 (2006)
- Elwood JM, "Relationship of melanoma and other skin cancer mortality to latitude and ultraviolet radiation in the United States and Canada", Int J Epidemiol, 3, pp.325~332 (1974)
- Kricker A, "Pigmentary and cutaneous risk factors for non-melanocytic skin cancer : a case-control study", Int J Cancer, 48, pp.650~662 (1991)
- Liu-Smith F, "Sex differences in the association of cutaneous melanoma incidence rates and geographic ultraviolet light exposure", J Am Acad Dermatol, 76, pp.499~505 (2017)
- Lomas A, "A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer", Br J Dermatol, 166, pp.1069~1080 (2012)
- 오창모, "Nationwide Trends in the Incidence of Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancers from 1999 to 2014 in South Korea", Cancer Research and Treatment, 50(3), pp.729~737 (2018), 대한암학회
- Cho C, "Comparison of skin color between two Asian populations : according to latitude and UV exposure", J Cosmet Dermatol, 14, pp.22~26 (2015)
- Crombie IK, "Variation of melanoma incidence with latitude in North America and Europe", Br J Cancer, 40, pp.774~781 (1979)
- Gloster HM Jr, "Skin cancer in skin of color", J Am Acad Dermatol, 55, pp.741~760 (2006)
- Halder RM, "Ethnic skin disorders overview", J Am Acad Dermatol, 48, pp.S143~S148 (2003)
- Kricker A, "Does intermittent sun exposure cause basal cell carcinoma? A case-control study in Western Australia", Int J Cancer, 60, pp.489~494 (1995)
- Taylor SC, "Skin of color : biology, structure, function, and implications for dermatologic disease", J Am Acad Dermatol, 46, pp.S41~S62 (2002)
- Wu XC, "Racial and ethnic variations in incidence and survival of cutaneous melanoma in the United States, 1999-2006", J Am Acad Dermatol, 65, pp.S26~S37 (2011)
- Whelton PK, "2017 ACC", AHA, ABC, pp.ACPM, AGS[DOI]
- "Other pharmaceutical agents", IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum, 76, pp.345~486 (2000)
- Jahan-Tigh RR, "Hydrochlorothiazide and cutaneous T cell lymphoma : prospective analysis and case series", Cancer, 119, pp.825~831 (2013)
- Pottegard A, "Hydrochlorothiazide use is strongly associated with risk of lip cancer", J Intern Med, 282, pp.322~331 (2017)
- Pedersen SA, "Hydrochlorothiazide use and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer : a nationwide case-control study from Denmark", J Am Acad Dermatol, 78, pp.673~681 (2018)
- Pedersen SA, "Hydrochlorothiazide use and risk for Merkel cell carcinoma and malignant adnexal skin tumors : a nationwide case-control study", J Am Acad Dermatol, 80, pp.460~465 (2019)
- Gandini S, "Anti-hypertensive drugs and skin cancer risk : a review of the literature and meta-analysis", Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 122, pp.1~9 (2018)
- Kaae J, "Photosensitizing medication use and risk of skin cancer", Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 19, pp.2942~2949 (2010)
- Ruiter R, "High-ceiling diuretics are associated with an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma in a population-based follow-up study", Eur J Cancer, 46, pp.2467~2472 (2010)
- Kim L, "A guide for the utilization of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service national patient samples", Epidemiol Health, 36, pp.e2014008~ (2014)
- Friedman GD, "Antihypertensive drugs and lip cancer in non-Hispanic whites", Arch Intern Med, 172, pp.1246~1251 (2012)
- Jensen AO, "Use of photosensitising diuretics and risk of skin cancer : a population-based case-control study", Br J Cancer, 99, pp.1522~1528 (2008)
- Robinson SN, "Photosensitizing agents and the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer : a population-based case-control study", J Invest Dermatol, 133, pp.1950~1955 (2013)
- Schmidt SA, "Use of antihypertensive drugs and risk of skin cancer", J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 29, pp.1545~1554 (2015)
- Tang H, "Use of antihypertensive drugs and risk of malignant melanoma : a meta-analysis of observational studies", Drug Saf, 41, pp.161~169 (2018)
- "European Medicines Agency", Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee, ~ (2018)
- van Veelen A, "Response to ‘Hydrochlorothiazide use and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer : a nationwide case-control study from Denmark’", J Am Acad Dermatol (2019)
- Youn JI, "Relationship between skin phototype and MED in Korean, brown skin", Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed, 13, pp.208~211 (1997)
- Sato K, "Antioxidative effects of thiazide diuretics in refractory hypertensive patients. A randomized crossover trial of chlortalidone and trichlormethiazide", Arzneimittelforschung, 60, pp.612~616 (2010)
- Kerkela E, "Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor progression : focus on basal and squamous cell skin cancer", Exp Dermatol, 12, pp.109~125 (2003)
- Ceron CS, "Spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide exert antioxidant effects and reduce vascular matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and expression in a model of renovascular hypertension", Br J Pharmacol, 160, pp.77~87 (2010)
- Nakane H, "Effects of hydrochlorothiazide on oxidative stress and pulse pressure in hypertensive patients with chronic stroke : the EMINENT study", Intern Med, 54, pp.573~577 (2015)
- O’Grady A, "Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in non-melanoma skin cancer : implications for tumour progression", Histopathology, 51, pp.793~804 (2007)
- Lee SG, "Implication of ultraviolet B radiation exposure for non-melanoma skin cancer in Korea", Mol Cell Toxicol, 10, pp.91~94 (2014)