놀이의 서커스(雜技)로서의 변용과 위상 －1950년대 이후 중국 서커스단의 쿵주를 중심으로－

Abstract

Kongju is one of representative performance in the Chinese Circus that contains artistic value and popular appeal. Cultural art was made good use of a new exchange way to get rid of external political battle and international wavelength after New China was established in 1950. Chinese government organized circus with selected famous artists from all over the nation and it was used as a main political events as well as an oversea cultural mission and at the same time they were concerned with cultural artistic meaning. Establishing the Circus in 1950, was forwarded under government’ close plan and expedited establishing local circus in those main cities. Circular system was adopted in order to connect capital city Beijing with other regions in China and it was started to become active for local exchange. Kongju started to get developed as circus started and it became a leading-edge being with artistic merit. Kongju which was the popular children’ play in end of Qing dynasty and also became famous for Tianqiao’ professional workers turned out to be Qiaohuadan. Qiaohuadan swept over the international stage as well as a new way was arranged for Chinese circus. As Kongju settled representative event of circus, it was connected to a concert tour in Taiwan, Southeast Asia and Europe and it made a successful legend of play. This manuscript would look into Kongju’ development and its alteration process, discussing in detail about its considerable stature. Kongju has formed a professional and cultural power that led international exchange and popularization successfully, and it would be a new index to understand how the studies of folk game has changed. Moreover as folk game turned into circus, it is expected that it would be a meaningful example of cultural transmission and a value of its performing art.