울산 구유동 제전마을의 골맥이제 현황과 특징

Abstract

This paper is based on a folk survey on Ulsan conducted by National Folk Museum of Korea for one year in 2016. Residents of Jejoen Village located in Guyu-dong, Buk-gu, Ulsan worship Gomaegi God as the village god and perform the village’s communal rituals as Tongje. The roll of the village god exists as the guardian and takes care the village and its residents. In Jejoen Village, households worship Golmaegi God at home. Golmaegije is when individuals offer a devout prayer through the rituals performed at home whereas Tongje is performed by the community. Golmaegisin that worshipped as the village god receives offerings from the entire community through the village’s communal rituals, however, Golmaegi God is worshipped by individuals as a personal deity and receiving devotions from each individual. Golmaegije practiced at home nowadays can be summarized into three points. First is a method of setting a small table. The method of setting a small table for Golmaegije at home involves rearrangement of offerings used during Gijesa or ancestral rite on a small table. The door is opened and offerings are arranged so that the outer side becomes the seat of honor. There are differences in offerings between Gijesa (ancestral rite) and Golmaegije practiced at home, which occur while rearranging offerings on the small table. Second is a method of turning the table. This method turns the table so that the outside of the house becomes the seat of honor, to give offerings from grandfather and grandmother to Golmaegi. There are no differences in offerings in this case, since the table used for Gijesa (ancestral rite) is simply turned around without changing the arrangement. Third is a method of offering liquor (informal proceeding). Method of offering liquor is a simplified method. A glass of liquor is sprinkled outdoors after Gijesa or ancestral rite, or it is offered to Golmaegi God indoors while preparing for Siseok. There are several characteristics of Golmaegije practiced at home by the three methods. Golmaegije at home is practiced after an ancestral rite, and it is commonly hosted by women. Except for the informal method of offering a glass of liquor, outside of the house becomes the seat of honor. Offerings used during Golmaegije practiced at home are not prepared separately. Offerings used during the preceding rite are rearranged or used as they are without rearranging. However, rice, soup and herbs can be replaced by new ones. This paper only considers Jejoen Village in Ulsan. Since this paper only studied one village, there are limitations in finding the reason for Golmaegije practiced at home in livelihood characteristics of fishing. Therefore, it would be necessary to study cases of other villages nearby Jejoen Village in Guyu-dong.