Post-Stroke Spastic Movement Disorder and Botulinum Toxin A Therapy: Early Detection And Early Injection
6
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) develops in up to 40% of stroke survivors after a first ever stroke within the first year. Chronic PS-SMD is often associated with severe disabilities and complications, emphasizing the importance of its early recognition and early adequate management. Extensive research has aimed to accurately predict and sensitively detect a PS-SMD. Symptomatic therapies include conventional rehabilitation and local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). The latter is widely used, but primarily in the chronic phase of stroke. However, recent studies have shown the safety and efficacy of BoNT-A therapy even in the acute phase and early sub-acute phase after stroke, i.e., within three months post-stroke, leading to an improved long-term outcome in stroke rehabilitation. Local BoNT-A injections evolve as the primary approach in focal, multifocal, and segmental chronic or acute/subacute PS-SMD. Patients at high risk for or manifest PS-SMD should be identified by an early spasticity risk assessment. By doing so, PS-SMD can be integral part of the patient-centered goal-setting process of a multiprofessional spasticity-experienced team. The benefit of an early PS-SMD treatment by BoNT-A should predominate putative degenerative muscle changes due to long-term BoNT-A therapy by far. This, as early treatment effectively avoids complications typically associated with a PS-SMD, i.e., contractures, pain, skin lesions. The management of PS-SMD requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Early assessment, patient-centered goal setting, early intervention, and early use of BoNT-A therapy prevents from PS-SMD complications and may improve rehabilitation outcome after stroke.
Abstract
Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) develops in up to 40% of stroke survivors after a first ever stroke within the first year. Chronic PS-SMD is often associated with severe disabilities and complications, emphasizing the importance of its early recognition and early adequate management. Extensive research has aimed to accurately predict and sensitively detect a PS-SMD. Symptomatic therapies include conventional rehabilitation and local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). The latter is widely used, but primarily in the chronic phase of stroke. However, recent studies have shown the safety and efficacy of BoNT-A therapy even in the acute phase and early sub-acute phase after stroke, i.e., within three months post-stroke, leading to an improved long-term outcome in stroke rehabilitation. Local BoNT-A injections evolve as the primary approach in focal, multifocal, and segmental chronic or acute/subacute PS-SMD. Patients at high risk for or manifest PS-SMD should be identified by an early spasticity risk assessment. By doing so, PS-SMD can be integral part of the patient-centered goal-setting process of a multiprofessional spasticity-experienced team. The benefit of an early PS-SMD treatment by BoNT-A should predominate putative degenerative muscle changes due to long-term BoNT-A therapy by far. This, as early treatment effectively avoids complications typically associated with a PS-SMD, i.e., contractures, pain, skin lesions. The management of PS-SMD requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Early assessment, patient-centered goal setting, early intervention, and early use of BoNT-A therapy prevents from PS-SMD complications and may improve rehabilitation outcome after stroke.
참고문헌 (49)
- Wissel J, "Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity", Neurology, 80(3 Suppl 2), pp.S13~S19 (2013)
- Wissel J, "Assessment, goal setting, and botulinum neurotoxin a therapy in the management of post-stroke spastic movement disorder : updated perspectives on best practice", Expert Rev Neurother, 22, pp.27~42 (2022)
- "S2k:treatment of spastic syndromes" (2018)[URL]
- Zeng H, "Prevalence and risk factors for spasticity after stroke : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Front Neurol, 11, pp.616097~ (2021)
- Patricia B. Mills, "Spasticity Management Teams, Evaluations, and Tools: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Survey", Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 2022, pp.50(6), 876~884[DOI]
- Wissel J, "European consensus table on the use of botulinum toxin type A in adult spasticity", J Rehabil Med, 41, pp.13~25 (2009)
- Biering-Sørensen F, "International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set(version 3. 0)-including standardization of reporting", Spinal Cord, 61, pp.65~68 (2023)
- Platz T, "REPAS, a summary rating scale for resistance to passive movement : item selection, reliability and validity", Disabil Rehabil, 30, pp.44~53 (2008)
- Pandyan AD, "Spasticity : clinical perceptions, neurological realities and meaningful measurement", Disabil Rehabil, 27, pp.2~6 (2005)
- Wissel J, "A practical guide to botulinum neurotoxin treatment of shoulder spasticity 2 : injection techniques, outcome measurement scales, and case studies", Front Neurol, 13, pp.1022549~ (2022)
- Bernhardt J, "Agreed definitions and a shared vision for new standards in stroke recovery research : The Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable taskforce", Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 31, pp.793~799 (2017)
- Wissel J, "Early versus late injections of Botulinumtoxin type A in post-stroke spastic movement disorder : a literature review", Toxicon, 229, pp.107150~ (2023)
- Burke D, "Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke", Neurology, 80(3 Suppl 2), pp.S20~S26 (2013)
- Lance JW, "The control of muscle tone, reflexes, and movement : Robert Wartenberg Lecture", Neurology, 30, pp.1303~1313 (1980)
- Li S, "New insights into the pathophysiology of poststroke spasticity", Front Hum Neurosci, 9, pp.192~ (2015)
- Mukherjee A, "Spasticity mechanisms-for the clinician", Front Neurol, 1, pp.149~ (2010)
- Li S, "Spasticity, motor recovery, and neural plasticity after stroke", Front Neurol, 8, pp.120~ (2017)
- Toda T, "Down-regulation of KCC2 expression and phosphorylation in motoneurons, and increases the number of in primary afferent projections to motoneurons in mice with post-stroke spasticity", PLoS One, 9, pp.e114328~ (2014)
- Chen CL, "Brain lesion size and location : effects on motor recovery and functional outcome in stroke patients", Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 81, pp.447~452 (2000)
- Ri S, "Site and size of lesion predict post-stroke spasticity : a retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study", J Rehabil Med, 52, pp.jrm00065~ (2020)
- Ri S, "Early brain imaging predictors of post-stroke spasticity", J Rehabil Med, 53, pp.jrm00169~ (2021)
- Gracies JM, "Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I : paresis and soft tissue changes", Muscle Nerve, 31, pp.535~551 (2005)
- Baude M, "The neurophysiology of deforming spastic paresis : a revised taxonomy", Ann Phys Rehabil Med, 62, pp.426~430 (2019)
- Dietz V, "Clinical treatment of spasticity--spastic movement disorders", Nervenarzt, 84, pp.1508~1511 (2013)
- Wissel J, "Early development of spasticity following stroke : a prospective, observational trial", J Neurol, 257, pp.1067~1072 (2010)
- Urban PP, "Occurence and clinical predictors of spasticity after ischemic stroke", Stroke, 41, pp.2016~2020 (2010)
- Lundström E, "Time-course and determinants of spasticity during the first six months following first-ever stroke", J Rehabil Med, 42, pp.296~301 (2010)
- Picelli A, "Association between severe upper limb spasticity and brain lesion location in stroke patients", Biomed Res Int, 2014, pp.162754~ (2014)
- Opheim A, "Early prediction of long-term upper limb spasticity after stroke : part of the SALGOT study", Neurology, 85, pp.873~880 (2015)
- Kong KH, "Occurrence and temporal evolution of upper limb spasticity in stroke patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit", Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 93, pp.143~148 (2012)
- Leathley MJ, "Predicting spasticity after stroke in those surviving to 12months", Clin Rehabil, 18, pp.438~443 (2004)
- Ryu JS, "Factors predictive of spasticity and their effects on motor recovery and functional outcomes in stroke patients", Top Stroke Rehabil, 17, pp.380~388 (2010)
- Cheung DK, "Lesion characteristics of individuals with upper limb spasticity after stroke", Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 30, pp.63~70 (2016)
- Glaess-Leistner S, "Early clinical predictors of post-stroke spasticity", Top Stroke Rehabil, 28, pp.508~518 (2021)
- Wissel J, "Post-stroke spasticity : predictors of early development and considerations for therapeutic intervention", PM R, 7, pp.60~67 (2015)
- Bavikatte G, "Early identification, intervention and management of post-stroke spasticity : expert consensus recommendations", J Cent Nerv Syst Dis, 13, pp.11795735211036576~ (2021)
- Glaess-Leistner S, "Early clinical predictors of post stroke spasticity", Top Stroke Rehabil, 28, pp.508~518 (2021)
- Jacinto J, "A practical guide to botulinum neurotoxin treatment of shoulder spasticity 1 : anatomy, physiology, and goal setting", Front Neurol, 13, pp.1004629~ (2022)
- Turner-Stokes L, "Goal attainment scaling in the evaluation of treatment of upper limb spasticity with botulinum toxin : a secondary analysis from a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial", J Rehabil Med, 42, pp.81~89 (2010)
- Esquenazi A, "The effect of repeated abobotulinumtoxinA(Dysport®)injections on walking velocity in persons with spastic hemiparesis caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury", PM R, 13, pp.488~495 (2021)
- Kivi A, "What clinicians and patients want : the past, the presence, and the future of the botulinum toxins", Toxicon, 177, pp.46~51 (2020)
- Rosales RL, "Botulinum toxin as early intervention for spasticity after stroke or non-progressive brain lesion : a meta-analysis", J Neurol Sci, 371, pp.6~14 (2016)
- Varvarousis DN, "The effectiveness of botulinum toxin on spasticity and gait of hemiplegic patients after stroke : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Toxicon, 203, pp.74~84 (2021)
- Fheodoroff K, "Goal analysis in patients with limb spasticity treated with incobotulinumtoxinA in the TOWER study", Disabil Rehabil, 44, pp.1367~1373 (2022)
- Karri J, "Practice patterns for spasticity management with phenol neurolysis", J Rehabil Med, 49, pp.482~488 (2017)
- Creamer M, "Intrathecal baclofen therapy versus conventional medical management for severe poststroke spasticity : results from a multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label trial(SISTERS)", J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 89, pp.642~650 (2018)
- Lindsay C, "Can the early use of botulinum toxin in post stroke spasticity reduce contracture development? A randomised controlled trial", Clin Rehabil, 35, pp.399~409 (2021)
- Nielsen JB, "Spastic movement disorder : should we forget hyperexcitable stretch reflexes and start talking about inappropriate prediction of sensory consequences of movement?", Exp Brain Res, 238, pp.1627~1636 (2020)
- Fortuna R, "Changes in contractile properties of muscles receiving repeat injections of botulinum toxin(Botox)", J Biomech, 44, pp.39~44 (2011)