한국불교 수륙재의 변용 고찰-세부 의식을 중심으로-

Abstract

Suryukjae (水陸齋, the offering ritual for land and water) has been performed in Korean Buddhism since the 12 th century based upon the same ritual oration (儀文) which changed over time. Examining the ritual orations reveals they newly compiled and summed up slowly changing into realistic ones for today. However, from the study of chapter Ⅱ, we can see that its purpose remains unchanged even though the style of practice has varied in accordance with the different situations. From Chapter III, we determined that Suryukjae in Korean Buddhism as currently practiced, always includes Woonsoosangdan (雲水上壇, the upper alter for the cloud and water) and praying to Avalokiteśvara (Gwaneumcheong, 觀音請). The new rituals are organized to include Daeryeong (對靈, the rite of calling the soul in), Siryeon (侍輦, the rite of serving a sedan chair) in Yeongsanjakbeop (靈山作法, the rule of conduct for Vulture Peak ritual) and Daesochangbul (大小唱佛, hailing Buddhas in large or small group) in Sinjungjakbeop (神衆作法, the rule of conduct for the ritual for pantheon). It was also observed that the situation in which the rituals are held is looked upon as important while the meaning has changed, particularly due to the 'getting wind of something and taking action in advance (見機而作)' which is extensively used in Korean Buddhist rituals. This variation is typified in both complete or partial rituals, the indistinction of the rites for byeongong (變供, changing the offerings), chanting only the ritual oration(儀文). In the end, it is clear that the purpose of Suryukjae has not been changed in Korean Buddhism but that the ritual ceremony was modified through time to reflect the circumstances. The ritual ceremony was either replaced or was reorganized.