Relationship between nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and cognitive development in preschool children in Indonesia
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purposes of the study were to analyze nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and factors affecting the cognitive development of preschoolage children. This study was conducted in the Village of Babakan, Sub-District of Dramaga, Bogor Regency, West Java. This cross-sectionally designed study was conducted with mothers who had preschool children aged 3-5 years as respondents. Fifty-eight children were included. The distribution of mother’s educational level was quite diverse, and the largest percentage (44.8%) had senior high school education. Approximately 78% of the family income per capita was classified into the non-poor category and 22.4% into the poor category. The average mother’s nutritional knowledge score was 76.7 ± 2.5 (moderate category). Most of the preschool children (84.4%) had psychosocial stimulation scores in the moderate category (30-45). The nutritional status of children showed that 15.5% were underweight, 5.2% were wasted, 3.4% were severely wasted, and 19%of the children were in the short and very short categories (stunted). The stepwise regression results showed that psychosocial stimulation (P <0.001), participation in early childhood education (P = 0.002) and nutritional status based on the height index for age (P = 0.028) had a positive and significant effect on cognitive development of the preschool children (adjusted R2, 0.434; P = 0.028).
Abstract
The purposes of the study were to analyze nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and factors affecting the cognitive development of preschoolage children. This study was conducted in the Village of Babakan, Sub-District of Dramaga, Bogor Regency, West Java. This cross-sectionally designed study was conducted with mothers who had preschool children aged 3-5 years as respondents. Fifty-eight children were included. The distribution of mother’s educational level was quite diverse, and the largest percentage (44.8%) had senior high school education. Approximately 78% of the family income per capita was classified into the non-poor category and 22.4% into the poor category. The average mother’s nutritional knowledge score was 76.7 ± 2.5 (moderate category). Most of the preschool children (84.4%) had psychosocial stimulation scores in the moderate category (30-45). The nutritional status of children showed that 15.5% were underweight, 5.2% were wasted, 3.4% were severely wasted, and 19%of the children were in the short and very short categories (stunted). The stepwise regression results showed that psychosocial stimulation (P <0.001), participation in early childhood education (P = 0.002) and nutritional status based on the height index for age (P = 0.028) had a positive and significant effect on cognitive development of the preschool children (adjusted R2, 0.434; P = 0.028).
참고문헌 (24)
- The United Nations Children's Fund, "The State of The World's Children" (1998), Oxford University Press
- Hastuti D., "Parenting: Theory, Principles and Application in Indonesia", pp.2008
- Khomsan A, "Food and Nutrition for Life Quality" (2004), Grasindo
- Djalal F, "Effect of nutrition and stimulation on child's brain growth and development and intelligence", PAUD Bull, 8, pp.3~15 (2009)
- Nwuga VC, "Effect of severe kwashiorkor on intellectual development among Nigerian children", Am J Clin Nutr, 30, pp.1423~1430 (1977)
- Martorell R, "Long term consequences of undernutrition on physical and cognitive development", Ann Nestle Eng, 57, pp.96~106 (1999)
- Grantham-McGregor SM, "Effects of health and nutrition on cognitive and behavioural development in children in the first three years of life", Food Nutr Bull, 20, pp.53~75 (1999)
- National Report of Research Result on Basic Health 2007, "Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia", Board of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, ~ (2008)
- Santrock JW, "Child Development, 11th edition" (2007), Erlangga
- Theories of growth and development of children at early ages, In Study of Policies on Holistic and Integrated Development of Children at Early Age, "Sardjunani N", Ministry of National Development, 9~49 (2006)
- Papalia DE, "Human Development" (2008), Salemba Humanika
- Mayza A, "Psychological stimulation on cognitive development of children at early age", PAUD Bull, 7(3), pp.26~57 (2008)
- Ministry of National Education, "Reference for Learning in Early Childhood Education: Generic Learning Menu", Ministry of National Education, ~ (2002)
- Padmonodewo S, "Early intervention program as a means of improving child development", pp.1993
- Bogor Regency in Figures 2007, "Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics", Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, ~ (2007)
- Physical Status: The Used and Interpretation of Anthropometry, "World Health Organization Expert Committee", World Health Organization, ~ (1995)
- Nutrition Education to Improve Mother and Cadre Nutritional Knowledge and Children Nutritional Status in Indonesia, "Khomsan A", Department of Community Nutrition, Bogor Agricultural University and Nestlé Foundation, ~ (2009)
- Wigg NR, "Does breastfeeding at six months predict cognitive development?", Aust N Z J Public Health, 22, pp.232~236 (1998)
- Turner JS, "Lifespan Development, 4th edition" (1991), Rinehart and Winston Inc
- Anwar F., "Model of parenting for children under two years to improve the nutritional status and psycho-social development", pp.2002
- Martorell R, "Under-nutrition during pregnancies and early childhood: consequences for cognitive and behavioral development, In Early Childhood Development: Investing in Our Children's Future" (1997), Elsevier Science
- Nagata S., "Brain Nutrition. 2nd Asian Congress of Pediatric Nutrition", Department of Pediatrics Juntendo University School of Medicine (2004)
- Malla MA, "Nutrition for the intelligence development of children at early age", PAUD Bull, 2, pp.19~27 (2002)
- Hizni A, "Stunted status and its relationship with the development children aged under five in the north coastal region of Lemahwungkuk District, Cirebon", Indones J Clin Nutr, 6, pp.131~137 (2009)