Dietary intakes and obesity of Malaysian adults
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Over the past few decades, Malaysia has been experiencing an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity that threatens the health of Malaysians. Poor dietary intake is one of the major contributors to the development of obesity and many non-communicable diseases. The dietary intakes of adults in Malaysia were assessed to determine the association between the dietary intake variables and the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measurements. This study examined whether the dietary intake achieved the recommended nutritional guidelines and compared the intakes between both sexes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The height, weight, and WC of four-hundred-and-ninety adults (n = 490) in Malaysia were measured using standard procedures. The three-day 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted on 422 out of the 490 adults and their dietary intakes were evaluated in detail. The selected dietary intake variables were used to determine the associations with the obesity indicators. RESULTS: Among the participants, 52.8% were overweight or obese. After data analysis, the mean energy intake was 1,550 kcal/day, in which male participants had a significantly higher energy and macronutrients intake than females. Protein consumption and its percentage of energy contribution exceeded the recommended range. The consumption of fruits, vegetables, and milk and milk products were lower than the recommended number of servings for a healthy diet. The male participants consumed significantly more servings of carbohydrate-based foods, meat, and fats, oils, and sweets than females. Among the selected dietary intake variables, only the carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with the BMI (Estimate b = -0.008) and WC measurements (Estimate b = -0.019) after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the dietary intakes of a sample of Malaysian adults and its association with the obesity indicators. The results highlight the need for improvements and modifications of the dietary intake of Malaysians to reduce the overweight and obesity rates.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Over the past few decades, Malaysia has been experiencing an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity that threatens the health of Malaysians. Poor dietary intake is one of the major contributors to the development of obesity and many non-communicable diseases. The dietary intakes of adults in Malaysia were assessed to determine the association between the dietary intake variables and the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measurements. This study examined whether the dietary intake achieved the recommended nutritional guidelines and compared the intakes between both sexes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The height, weight, and WC of four-hundred-and-ninety adults (n = 490) in Malaysia were measured using standard procedures. The three-day 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted on 422 out of the 490 adults and their dietary intakes were evaluated in detail. The selected dietary intake variables were used to determine the associations with the obesity indicators. RESULTS: Among the participants, 52.8% were overweight or obese. After data analysis, the mean energy intake was 1,550 kcal/day, in which male participants had a significantly higher energy and macronutrients intake than females. Protein consumption and its percentage of energy contribution exceeded the recommended range. The consumption of fruits, vegetables, and milk and milk products were lower than the recommended number of servings for a healthy diet. The male participants consumed significantly more servings of carbohydrate-based foods, meat, and fats, oils, and sweets than females. Among the selected dietary intake variables, only the carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with the BMI (Estimate b = -0.008) and WC measurements (Estimate b = -0.019) after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the dietary intakes of a sample of Malaysian adults and its association with the obesity indicators. The results highlight the need for improvements and modifications of the dietary intake of Malaysians to reduce the overweight and obesity rates.
참고문헌 (36)
- "Obesity and overweight" (2018)[URL]
- Ng M, "Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013", Lancet, 384, pp.766~781 (2014)
- "National Health and Morbidity Survey 2015 (NHMS 2015). Volume II-Noncommunicable diseases, risk factors & other health problems" (2015)[URL]
- Eaton SB, "Stone agers in the fast lane: chronic degenerative diseases in evolutionary perspective", Am J Med, 84, pp.739~749 (1988)
- Kirchengast S, "Physical inactivity from the viewpoint of evolutionary medicine", Sports, 2, pp.3450~ (2014)
- Swinburn BA, "Diet, nutrition and the prevention of excess weight gain and obesity", Public Health Nutr, 7, pp.123~146 (2004)
- Lachat C, "Diet and physical activity for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic policy review", PLoS Med, 10, pp.e1001465~ (2013)
- Romieu I, "Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers?", Cancer Causes Control, 28, pp.247~258 (2017)
- Novak NL, "Role of policy and government in the obesity epidemic", Circulation, 126, pp.2345~2352 (2012)
- Lee YY, "Accelerometermeasured physical activity and its relationship with body mass index(BMI)and waist circumference(WC)measurements : a crosssectional study on Malaysian adults", Malays J Nutr, 23, pp.397~408 (2017)
- Ross R, "Does the relationship between waist circumference, morbidity and mortality depend on measurement protocol for waist circumference?", Obes Rev, 9, pp.312~325 (2008)
- Siddiqui NS, "Metabolic syndrome: a growing threat" (2018), Knowledge Publishing, Printing and Distribution House
- Institute for Medical Research, "Nutrient Composition of Malaysian Foods", Institute for Medical Research (for the Malaysian Food Composition Database Programme), ~ (1997)
- Bergman P, "Adherence to physical activity recommendations and the influence of socio-demographic correlates - a population-based cross-sectional study", BMC Public Health, 8, pp.367~ (2008)
- National Coordinating Committee on Food and Nutrition, "Recommended Nutrient Intakes for Malaysia", Ministry of Health Malaysia, ~ (2005)
- National Coordinating Committee on Food and Nutrition, "Malaysian Dietary Guidelines", Ministry of Health Malaysia, ~ (2005)
- National Health and Morbidity Survey 2014: Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS)'s Vol. II: Survey Findings, "Institute for Public Health", Ministry of Health Malaysia, ~ (2014)
- Mohamud WN, "Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult Malaysians: an update", Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 20, pp.35~41 (2011)
- Suriani I, "Food consumption among overweight and obese working Malay women in urban settings", Int J Community Med Public Health, 3, pp.658~662 (2016)
- "The state of food and agriculture" (2013)[URL]
- "Shifting diets for a sustainable food future: creating a sustainable food future" (2016)[URL]
- "Countries and economies" (2018)[URL]
- Lipoeto NI, "Food consumption patterns and nutrition transition in South-East Asia", Public Health Nutr, 16, pp.1637~1643 (2013)
- Rouhani MH, "Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies", Obes Rev, 15, pp.740~748 (2014)
- Fogelholm M, "Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult populations: a systematic literature review", Food Nutr Res, 56, pp.19103~ (2012)
- Nurul Izzah A, "Patterns of fruits and vegetable consumption among adults of different ethnics in Selangor, Malaysia", Int Food Res J, 19, pp.1095~1107 (2012)
- Chong Su Pei, "Household food insecurity, diet quality, and weight status among indigenous women (Mah Meri) in Peninsular Malaysia", Nutrition Research and Practice, 12(2), pp.135~142 (2018), 한국영양학회
- 이수진, "Relationship between dietary intakes and the double burden of malnutrition in adults of Malang, Indonesia: An exploratory study", Nutrition Research and Practice, 12(5), pp.426~435 (2018), 한국영양학회
- "Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health" (2018)[URL]
- Mozaffarian D, "Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men", N Engl J Med, 364, pp.2392~2404 (2011)
- Lee CL Jr, "Association of energy intake and macronutrient composition with overweight and obesity in Malay women from Klang Valley", Malays J Nutr, 16, pp.251~260 (2010)
- Merchant AT, "Carbohydrate intake and overweight and obesity among healthy adults", J Am Diet Assoc, 109, pp.1165~1172 (2009)
- Roberts CK, "Carbohydrate intake and obesity: an association that needs “refining”", J Am Diet Assoc, 109, pp.1163~1164 (2009)
- Howard BV, "Low-fat dietary pattern and weight change over 7 years: the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial", JAMA, 295, pp.39~49 (2006)
- Ma Y, "Association between dietary carbohydrates and body weight", Am J Epidemiol, 161, pp.359~367 (2005)
- Halkjaer J, "Intake of macronutrients as predictors of 5-y changes in waist circumference", Am J Clin Nutr, 84, pp.789~797 (2006)