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Projections of bouquet graph with two cycles

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In this paper we investigate the projections of bouquet graph B with two cycles. A projection of B is said to be trivial if only trivial embeddings are obtained from the projection. It is shown that, to cover all nontrivial projections of B, at least three embeddings of B are needed. We also show that a nontrivial projection of B is covered by one of some two embeddings if the image of each cycle has at most one self-crossing.

Abstract

In this paper we investigate the projections of bouquet graph B with two cycles. A projection of B is said to be trivial if only trivial embeddings are obtained from the projection. It is shown that, to cover all nontrivial projections of B, at least three embeddings of B are needed. We also show that a nontrivial projection of B is covered by one of some two embeddings if the image of each cycle has at most one self-crossing.

참고문헌 (9)

  1. Y. Huh, "An elementary set for embedded bouquet graphs with two cycles, Preprint", ~
  2. Y. Huh, "An elementary set for θn-curve projections", Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications, 11(8), pp.1243~1250 (2002)
  3. Y. Huh, "Planar graphs producing no strongly almost trivial embedding", Journal of Graph Theory, 43(4), pp.319~326 (2003)
  4. Y. Huh, "Identifiable projections of spatial graphs", Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications, 13(8), pp.991~998 (2004)
  5. K. Taniyama, "A partial order of knots", TOKYO JOURNAL MATHEMATICS, 12(1), pp.205~229 (1989)
  6. K. Taniyama, "A partial order of links", TOKYO JOURNAL MATHEMATICS, 12(2), pp.475~484 (1989)
  7. K. Taniyama, "Knotted projections of planar graphs", Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 통권 : 123, pp.3575~3579 (1995)
  8. K. Taniyama, "Regular projections of knotted handcuff graphs", Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications, 7(4), pp.509~517 (1998)
  9. Y. Yokota, "Topological invariants of graphs in 3-space", Topology, 35(1), pp.77~87 (1996)

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