Evaluation of malnutrition status and related risk factors in geriatric outpatient clinic
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Malnutrition risk and malnutrition among the elderly is a public health concern. In combating this health-related problem, it is critically important to evaluate the risk factors in a multidimensional way and to apply appropriate nutrition intervention based on the results. SUBJECTS/METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 elderly patients (32.6% male, 67.4% female) in a geriatric outpatient clinic of a hospital in Turkey. Nutritional questionnaires that incorporated the 24-h recall method were applied to determine general characteristics of patients, their health status, nutritional habits, and daily energy and nutrient intakes. Mini Nutritional Assessment was used to determine nutritional status. Relevant anthropometric measurements were obtained. RESULTS The subjects' mean age was 76.1 ± 7.0 years, and the prevalence of malnutrition (n = 7) and risk of malnutrition (n = 53) among the 215 subjects was 3.2% and 24.7%, respectively. Patients with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition were found to be single, have a depression diagnosis, in an older age group, have less appetite, more tooth loss, have more frequent swallowing/chewing difficulty, and have more frequent meal skipping. In addition, mean daily energy, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folates, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron intake, and water consumption were found to be statistically significantly low in subjects with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. After performing regression analysis to determine confounding factors, malnutrition risk was significantly associated with marital status, loss of teeth, appetite status, and depression. CONCLUSIONS Routine nutritional screening and assessment of the elderly should be performed. If nutritional deficiencies cannot be diagnosed early and treated, self-sufficiency in the elderly may deteriorate, resulting in increased institutionalization.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Malnutrition risk and malnutrition among the elderly is a public health concern. In combating this health-related problem, it is critically important to evaluate the risk factors in a multidimensional way and to apply appropriate nutrition intervention based on the results. SUBJECTS/METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 elderly patients (32.6% male, 67.4% female) in a geriatric outpatient clinic of a hospital in Turkey. Nutritional questionnaires that incorporated the 24-h recall method were applied to determine general characteristics of patients, their health status, nutritional habits, and daily energy and nutrient intakes. Mini Nutritional Assessment was used to determine nutritional status. Relevant anthropometric measurements were obtained. RESULTS The subjects' mean age was 76.1 ± 7.0 years, and the prevalence of malnutrition (n = 7) and risk of malnutrition (n = 53) among the 215 subjects was 3.2% and 24.7%, respectively. Patients with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition were found to be single, have a depression diagnosis, in an older age group, have less appetite, more tooth loss, have more frequent swallowing/chewing difficulty, and have more frequent meal skipping. In addition, mean daily energy, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folates, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron intake, and water consumption were found to be statistically significantly low in subjects with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. After performing regression analysis to determine confounding factors, malnutrition risk was significantly associated with marital status, loss of teeth, appetite status, and depression. CONCLUSIONS Routine nutritional screening and assessment of the elderly should be performed. If nutritional deficiencies cannot be diagnosed early and treated, self-sufficiency in the elderly may deteriorate, resulting in increased institutionalization.
참고문헌 (31)
- Turconi G, "Healthy aging : nutritional intervention to improve and extend quality of life among older people", J Nutr Food Sci, 1, pp.1~2 (2011)
- "Population projections, 2018–2080"[URL]
- Cederholm T, "ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition", Clin Nutr, 36, pp.49~64 (2017)
- Hyland P, "Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition", pp.33~39 (2013), Academic Press
- van der Pols-Vijlbrief R, "Determinants of protein-energy malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults : a systematic review of observational studies", Ageing Res Rev, 18, pp.112~131 (2014)
- John BK, "Frequently asked questions", Am J Gastroenterol, 108, pp.1252~1266 (2013)
- Agarwal E, "Malnutrition in the elderly : a narrative review", Maturitas, 76, pp.296~302 (2013)
- Saka B, "Malnutrition in the elderly and its relationship with other geriatric syndromes", Clin Nutr, 29, pp.745~748 (2010)
- Feldblum I, "Characteristics of undernourished older medical patients and the identification of predictors for undernutrition status", Nutr J, 6, pp.37~ (2007)
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA), "Scientific opinion on establishing food-based dietary guidelines", EFSA J, 8, pp.1460~ (2010)
- Sánchez-García S, "Anthropometric measures and nutritional status in a healthy elderly population", BMC Public Health, 7, pp.2~ (2007)
- Weight Management Handbook for Dietitians, "Patient Monitoring Guideline", pp.2017, Acar Tek N
- Kondrup J, "Plauth MEducational and Clinical Practice Committee, European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN). ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002", Clin Nutr, 22, pp.415~421 (2003)
- Sarikaya D, "Mini nutritional assessment test long and short form are valid screening tools in Turkish older adults", Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 61, pp.56~60 (2015)
- Kalan U, "Nutritional profiles of older adults according the Mini-Nutritional Assessment", Aging Clin Exp Res, 32, pp.673~680 (2020)
- Bernstein M, "Nutrition for the Older Adults", pp.73~110 (2016), Jones & Bartlett Learning
- Gündüz E, "Malnutrition in community-dwelling elderly in Turkey : a multicenter, cross-sectional study", Med Sci Monit, 21, pp.2750~2756 (2015)
- Mitri R, "Determinants of the nutritional status of older adults in urban Lebanon", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 17, pp.424~432 (2017)
- Agarwalla R, "Assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly and its correlates", J Family Community Med, 22, pp.39~43 (2015)
- Damayanthi HD, "Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among community-dwelling older persons in Sri Lanka : a cross-sectional study", BMC Geriatr, 18, pp.199~ (2018)
- Spirgienė L, "Nutritional status of rural community-dwelling older people and changes after following nutritional recommendations", Int J Nurs Pract, 24, pp.e12688~ (2018)
- Heuberger R, "The association between depression and widowhood and nutritional status in older adults", Geriatr Nurs, 35, pp.428~433 (2014)
- Boulos C, "Social isolation and risk for malnutrition among older people", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 17, pp.286~294 (2017)
- Fernández-Barrés S, "Dietary intake in the dependent elderly : evaluation of the risk of nutritional deficit", J Hum Nutr Diet, 29, pp.174~184 (2016)
- Arıkbuka MÖ, "Assessment of nutritional status and its association with anthropometric measurements, blood results and body composition in elderly cardiovascular patients", Prog Nutr, 18, pp.344~351 (2016)
- Leandro-Merhi VA, "Anthropometric parameters of nutritional assessment as predictive factors of the Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA)of hospitalized elderly patients", J Nutr Health Aging, 15, pp.181~186 (2011)
- van der Meij BS, "Poor appetite and dietary intake in community-dwelling", J Am Geriatr Soc, 65, pp.2190~2197 (2017)
- Hägglund P, "Swallowing dysfunction as risk factor for undernutrition in older people admitted to Swedish short-term care : a cross-sectional study", Aging Clin Exp Res, 31, pp.85~94 (2019)
- Jyväkorpi SK, "High proportions of older people with normal nutritional status have poor protein intake and low diet quality", Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 67, pp.40~45 (2016)
- Lahiri S, "Assessment of nutritional status among elderly population in a rural area of West Bengal, India", Int J Med Sci Public Health, 4, pp.569~572 (2015)
- Hirose T, "Accumulation of geriatric conditions is associated with poor nutritional status in dependent older people living in the community and in nursing homes", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 14, pp.198~205 (2014)