Dietary factors related to hypertension risk in Korean adults-data from the Korean national health and nutrition examination survey III
2
조회
0
다운로드
10
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Regional differences between large cities and rural areas are observed in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). This present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary factors on hypertension risk in Korean populations, especially residents of the Chungcheong province which was not in metropolitan area, using KNHANES III. A total of 544 adults aged ≥ 19 years were placed into either the normotensive or the hypertensive group. Subject characteristics, BMI, blood pressure, and nutrient intakes were compared between the two groups using a chi-square test and t-test. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) using multiple logistic regression, adjusted for energy intake and selected covariates. There were significant differences in age, education level, alcohol consumption, and BMI between the normotensive and hypertensive groups. We found decreased ORs for the medium versus lowest tertile of calcium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.88), for the highest versus lowest tertile of calcium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.90) with significant trends in risk (P = 0.040), and for the medium versus lowest tertile of potassium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89). Subjects with the highest sodium/calcium ratio had a 2.10-fold greater risk of hypertension compared to the subject with the lowest, with significant trends in risk (P = 0.002). Adequate calcium and potassium intake should be encouraged and regional differences should be considered in making a healthy plan for hypertension management.
Abstract
Regional differences between large cities and rural areas are observed in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). This present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary factors on hypertension risk in Korean populations, especially residents of the Chungcheong province which was not in metropolitan area, using KNHANES III. A total of 544 adults aged ≥ 19 years were placed into either the normotensive or the hypertensive group. Subject characteristics, BMI, blood pressure, and nutrient intakes were compared between the two groups using a chi-square test and t-test. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) using multiple logistic regression, adjusted for energy intake and selected covariates. There were significant differences in age, education level, alcohol consumption, and BMI between the normotensive and hypertensive groups. We found decreased ORs for the medium versus lowest tertile of calcium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.88), for the highest versus lowest tertile of calcium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.90) with significant trends in risk (P = 0.040), and for the medium versus lowest tertile of potassium intake (multivariate OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89). Subjects with the highest sodium/calcium ratio had a 2.10-fold greater risk of hypertension compared to the subject with the lowest, with significant trends in risk (P = 0.002). Adequate calcium and potassium intake should be encouraged and regional differences should be considered in making a healthy plan for hypertension management.
참고문헌 (28)
- Singh RB, "Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention", J Hum Hypertens, 14, pp.749~763 (2000)
- Yusuf S, "Global bBburden of cardiovascular diseases: part I: general considerations, the epidemiologic transition, risk factors, and impact of urbanization", Circulation, 104, pp.2746~2753 (2001)
- Whitworth JA, "2003 World Health Organization (WHO)", International Society of Hypertension (ISH) statement on management of hypertension, 2003, pp.21, 1983~1992
- Khor GL, "Cardiovascular epidemiology in the Asia-Pacific region", Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 10, pp.76~80 (2001)
- Vorster HH, "The emergence of cardiovascular disease during urbanisation of Africans", Public Health Nutr, 5, pp.239~243 (2002)
- Wu Y, "China NNHS Steering Committee; China NNHS Working Group.Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002", Circulation, 118, pp.2679~2686 (2008)
- Geleijnse JM, "Impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevalence of hypertension in Western populations", Eur J Public Health, 14, pp.235~239 (2004)
- Han HR, "Knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors about hypertension control among middle-aged Korean Americans with hypertension", J Community Health, 32, pp.324~342 (2007)
- The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey - KNHANES III(2005);, "Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare", Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare, ~ (2006)
- Stamler J, "Higher blood pressure in middle-aged American adults with less education-role of multiple dietary factors: the INTERMAP study", J Hum Hypertens, 17, pp.655~775 (2003)
- Sugiyama T, "Dietary and lifestyle factors associated with blood pressure among U.S. adolescents", J Adolesc Health, 40, pp.166~172 (2007)
- Ruixing Y, "Comparison of hypertension and its risk factors between the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations", Blood Press, 17, pp.306~316 (2008)
- Mellen PB, "Deteriorating dietary habits among adults with hypertension: DASH dietary accordance, NHANES 1988-1994 and 1999-2004", Arch Intern Med, 168, pp.308~314 (2008)
- Lin SJ, "Prevalence of prehypertension and associated risk factors in a rural Taiwanese adult population", Int J Cardiol, 144, pp.269~273 (2010)
- Schröder H, "Relationship between diet and blood pressure in a representative Mediterranean population", Eur J Nutr, 41, pp.161~167 (2002)
- Yadav S, "Bhatia E. Prevalence & risk factors of pre-hypertension & hypertension in an affluent north Indian population", Indian J Med Res, 128, pp.712~720 (2008)
- Ikeda N, "Understanding the decline of mean systolic blood pressure in Japan: an analysis of pooled data from the National Nutrition Survey, 1986-2002", Bull World Health Organ, 86, pp.978~988 (2008)
- Drøyvold WB, "Change in body mass index and its impact on blood pressure: a prospective population study", Int J Obes (Lond), 29, pp.650~655 (2005)
- Cohen HW, "Sodium intake and mortality follow-up in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)", J Gen Intern Med, 23, pp.1297~302 (2008)
- Dietary reference intakes for Koreans, "The Korean Nutrition Society", The Korean Nutrition Society, ~ (2005)
- He FJ, "Salt and blood pressure in children and adolescents", J Hum Hypertens, 4, pp.11~ (2008)
- Dickinson HO, "Potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults", Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 19(3), pp.4641~ (2006)
- Gao SK, "Suboptimal nutritional intake for hypertension control in 4 ethnic groups", Arch Intern Med, 169, pp.702~707 (2009)
- Townsend MS, "Low mineral intake is associated with high systolic blood pressure in the Third and Fourth National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: could we all be right", Am J Hypertens, 18, pp.261~269 (2005)
- Dickinson HO, "Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults", Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 19, pp.4639~ (2006)
- van Mierlo LA, "Blood pressure response to calcium supplementation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", J Hum Hypertens, 20, pp.571~580 (2006)
- Wang L, "Dietary intake of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin D and the risk of hypertension in middle-aged and older women", Hypertension, 51, pp.1073~1079 (2008)