The Relationship between Brand-program Congruencyand Purchase Intention
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The main purposes of the current study were 1) to understand the perceptions of consumers toward congruency levels for a placed brand based on the type of movie and gender of endorser and 2) to examine the relationship between consumers’ perceptions of congruency and purchase intention to have a successful sport media sponsorship. A total of 200 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed consumers had higher perceptions of congruency for a sportswear brand placed in a sports program than in a non-sports program. This study also found the positive association between congruency and purchase intention.
Abstract
The main purposes of the current study were 1) to understand the perceptions of consumers toward congruency levels for a placed brand based on the type of movie and gender of endorser and 2) to examine the relationship between consumers’ perceptions of congruency and purchase intention to have a successful sport media sponsorship. A total of 200 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed consumers had higher perceptions of congruency for a sportswear brand placed in a sports program than in a non-sports program. This study also found the positive association between congruency and purchase intention.
참고문헌 (92)
- Agrawal, J, "The economic worth of celebrity endorsers : An event study analysis", Journal of Marketing, 59, pp.56~62 (1995)
- Ajzen, I, "Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior" (1980), Prentice-Hall, Inc
- Allen, C. T, "Assessing the role of contingency awareness in attitudinal conditioning with implications for advertising research", Journal of Marketing Research, 26(1), pp.30~43 (1989)
- Amos, C, "Exploring the relationship between celebrity endorser effects and advertising effectiveness", International Journal of Advertising, 27, pp.209~234 (2008)
- Anderson, R, "Book review : All-stars and movie stars : Sports in film and history", The Journal of American Culture, 32(1), pp.77~78 (2009)
- Argan, M, "Audience attitudes towards product placement in movies : A case from Turkey", Journal of American Academy of Business, 11(1), pp.161~168 (2007)
- Bainbridge, J, "Brand fit is crucial to the success of cause related ties", Marketing, 5(3), pp.21~ (2001)
- Balasubramanian, S. K, "Audience response to product placements : An integrative framework and future researchagenda", Journal of Advertising, 35(3), pp.115~141 (2006)
- Barry, T. F, "The development of the hierarchy of effects : An historical perspective", Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 10(1-2), pp.251~135 (1987)
- Basil, D, "Towards an understandingof fit: Effects of association and complementarityin cause-related marketing alliances", MarketingCommunicationsand Consumer Behavior 2003 proceedings, pp.11~13 (2003)
- Beerli, A, "Design and validation of an instrument for measuring advertising effectiveness in the printed media", Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 21(2), pp.11~30 (1999)
- Boyd, T. C, "Athletes as product endorsers : The effect of gender and product relatedness", Sport Marketing Quarterly, 13(2), pp.82~93 (2004)
- Briley, R, "All-Stars and Movie Stars : Sports in Filmand History" (2008), The University Pressof Kentucky
- Cholinski, "The effectiveness of product placement : A field quasi experiment", International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(5), pp.14~28 (2012)
- Cornwell, T. B, "Sponsorshiplinked marketing : Introduction to topics", Journal of Sports Management, 29(2), pp.133~136 (2015)
- Cowley, E, "When product placement goes wrong : The effects of program liking and placement prominence", Journal of Advertising, 37(1), pp.89~98 (2008)
- Crimmins, J, "Sponsorship : From managerial ego trip to marketing success", Journal of Advertising Research, 36(4), pp.11~21 (1996)
- d’Astous, A, "Consumer evaluations of sponsorship programmes", European Journal of Marketing, 29(12), pp.6~22 (1995)
- d’Astous, A, "A study of factors affecting consumer evaluations and memory of product placements in movies", Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 22(2), pp.31~40 (2000)
- d’Astous, A, "Consumer reactions to product placement strategies in television sponsorship", European Journal of Marketing, 33(9, pp.10) (1999), 896~910
- Delattre, E, "Memory and perception of brand mentions and placement of brands in songs", International Journal of Advertising, 28(5), pp.807~842 (2009)
- DeLorme, D. E, "Moviegoers’experiences and interpretations of brands in films revisited", Journal of Advertising, 28(2), pp.71~95 (1999)
- Dens, N, "Do you like what yourecognize?", Journal of Advertising, 41(3), pp.35~54 (2012)
- "Main film genres" (2000)[URL]
- Grau, S. L, "Where’s Tamika catchings? A content analysis of female athlete endorsers in magazine advertisements", Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 29, pp.55~65 (2007)
- Gray, R, "Developing a tight fit is crucial to CRM", Marketing, 5(4), pp.37~38 (2000)
- Eagly, A. H, "Sex differences in social behavior : A social-role interpretation" (1987), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc
- Eagly, A. H, "The developmental social psychology of gender", pp.123~174 (2000), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers
- Fiske, J, "Television culture" (1987), Routledge
- Goh, J. O, "Culture modulates eye-movements to visual novelty", PLoS ONE, 4(12) (2009)
- Gould, S. J, "Product placements in movies : A cross-cultural analysis of Austrian, French and American Consumers’ attitudes toward this emerging, international promotional medium", Journal of Advertising, 29(4), pp.41~58 (2000)
- Gupta, P, "Product placement in movies : The effect of prominence and mode on audience recall", Journal of Current Issues &Research in Advertising, 20(1), pp.47~59 (1998)
- Gwinner, K, "A model of image creation and image transfer in event sponsorship", International Marketing Review, 14(3), pp.145~158 (1997)
- Gwinner, K, "The impact of brand cohesiveness and sport identification on brand fit in a sponsorship context", Journal of Sport Management, 22, pp.410~426 (2008)
- Hang, H, "Children playing branded video games : The impact of interactivity on product placement effectiveness", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(1), pp.65~72 (2011)
- Hardin, M, "The influence of gender-role socialization, media use and sports participation on perceptions of gender-appropriate sports", Journal of Sport Behavior, 32, pp.207~226 (2009)
- Heckler, S. E, "The role of expectancy and relevancy in memory for verbal and visual information : what is incongruency?", Journal of Consumer Research, 18(4), pp.475~492 (1992)
- Heilman, M. E, "Description and prescription : How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder", Journal of Social Issues, 57, pp.657~674 (2001)
- Holbrook, M. B, "The semiology of cinematic consumption : Symbolic consumer behavior in out of Africa", Journal of Consumer Research, 13, pp.374~381 (1986)
- Hudson, S, "Branded entertainment : A new advertising technique or product placement in disguise?", Journal of Marketing Management, 22(5, pp.6) (2006), 489~504
- "Is sports sponsorship worth it?" (2014)[URL]
- Johar, G. V, "Relatedness, prominence, and constructive sponsor identification", Journal of Marketing Research, 36(3), pp.299~312 (1999)
- Jin, C. H, "The effect of the placement of the product : Consumers’ emotional responses to humorous stimuli and prior brand evaluation", Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15, pp.244~255 (2007)
- Kahle, L. R, "Physical attractiveness of celebrity endorser : A social adaptation perspective", Journal of Consumer Research, 11, pp.954~961 (1985)
- Kamins, M. A, "Congruence between spokesperson and product type : A matchup hypothesis perspective", Psychology & Marketing, 11(6), pp.569~586 (1994)
- Karrh, J. A, "Brand placement : A review", Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 20(2), pp.31~49 (1998)
- "Television: Counting the eyeballs" (2006)[URL]
- Kirmani, A, "The effects of source congruity on brand attitudes and beliefs : The moderating role of issue-relevant elaboration", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 7(1), pp.25~47 (1998)
- Koivula, N, "Perceives characteristics of sports categorized as gender-neutral, feminine and masculine", Journal of Sport Behavior, 24, pp.377~ (2001)
- Kwon, E, "Brand image congruency through sponsorship of sporting", ~ (2016)
- "events: A reinquiry of Gwinner and Eaton", Journal of Advertising, 45(1), pp.130~138 (1999)
- Law, S, "I’ll have what she’s having : Gauging the impact of product placements on viewers", Psychology & Marketing, 17(12), pp.1059~1075 (2000)
- Lee, M, "Effects of product placement in on-line games on brand memory : A perspective of the limited-capacity model of attention", Journal of Advertising, 36(4), pp.75~90 (2007)
- Lehu, J. M, "Branded Entertainment : Product Placement and Brand Strategy in the Entertainment Business" (2007), Kogan Page Publishers
- Lehu, J. M, "Effectiveness of brand placement : New insights about viewers", Journal of Business Research, 61(10), pp.1083~1090 (2008)
- Lin, J. S, "Antecedents and consequences of cross-media usage : a study of a TV program’s official web site", Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 54(2), pp.316~336 (2010)
- McCarty, J. A, "The psychology of entertainment media: Blurring the lines between entertainment and persuasion", pp.45~61 (2004), Lawrence Erlbaum
- McCracken, G, "Who is the celebrity endorser? Cultural foundations of the endorsement process", Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), pp.310~321 (1989)
- McDonald, C, "Sponsorship and the image of the sponsor", European Journal of Marketing, 25(11), pp.31~38 (1991)
- Meenaghan, T, "Sponsorship-legitimizing the medium", European Journal of Marketing, 25(11), pp.5~10 (1991)
- Meenaghan, T, "The role of sponsorship in the marketing communications mix", International Journal of Advertising, 10(1), pp.35~47 (1991)
- Messner, M, "Taking the field. Women, men, and sports" (2002), University of Minnesota Press
- Messner, M. A, "It’s all for the kids. Gender, families, and youth sports" (2009), University of California Press
- Murphy, C, "Brand values can build on charity ties", Marketing, 3(25), pp.41~ (1999)
- Nebenzahl, I. D, "Ethical dimensions of advertising executions", Journal of Business Ethics, 17(7), pp.805~815 (1998)
- Nelson, M. R, "Recall of brand placements in computer", video games, 2002, pp.42, 80~92
- Ohanian, R, "The impact of celebrity spokespersons’perceived image on intention to purchase", Journal of Advertising Research, 31(1), pp.46~56 (1991)
- Olsen, L. E, "Brands in texts : Attitudinal effects of brand placements in narrative fiction", Journal of Brand management, 19(8), pp.702~711 (2012)
- Ong, B. S, "Should product placement in movies be banned?", Journal of Promotion Management, 2(3, pp.4) (1994), 159~175
- Park, D. J, "Brand placement in movies : The effect of film genre on viewer recognition", Journal of Promotion Management, 16, pp.428~444 (2010)
- Pentecost, R, "Exploring the dimensions of fit within sports sponsorship. In : Marketing Accountabilities and Responsibilities" (2004), ANZMAC
- Rodgers, S, "The effects of sponsor relevance on consumer reactions to internet Sponsorship", Journal of Advertising, 32(4), pp.67~76 (2003)
- Russell, C. A, "Toward a framework of product placement : Theoretical propositions", Advances in Consumer Research, 25, pp.357~362 (1998)
- Russell, C. A, "Investigating the effectiveness of product placements in television shows : The role of modality and plot connection congruence on brand memory and attitude", Journal of Consumer Research, 29(3), pp.306~318 (2002)
- Russell, C. A, "Consumers, characters, and products : A balance model of sitcom product placement effects", Journal of Advertising, 35(1), pp.7~21 (2006)
- Ruth, J. A, "Brought to you by brand A and brand B", Journal of Advertising, 32(3), pp.19~30 (2003)
- Schiffman, L. G, "Consumer Behavior" (2000), Prentice Hall
- Schlosser, A. E, "Experiencing products in the virtual world : the role of goal and imagery in influencing attitudes", Journal of Consumer Research, 30, pp.184~198 (2003)
- Simmons, C. J, "Achieving marketing objectives through social sponsorship", Journal of Marketing, 70(4), pp.154~169 (2006)
- Spears, N, "Measuring attitude toward the brand and purchase intentions", Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 26(2), pp.53~66 (2004)
- Speed, R, "Determinants of sports sponsorship response", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), pp.226~238 (2000)
- Stern, B. B, "Consumer responses to product placement in television sitcoms : Genre, sex, and consumption", Consumption Markets & Culture, 7(4), pp.371~394 (2007)
- Tabachnick, B. G, "Using multivariate statistics" (1996), Harper Collins
- Till, B. D, "The match-up hypothesis : Physical attractiveness, expertise, and the role of fit on brand attitude, purchase intent, and brand beliefs", Journal of Advertising, 29, pp.1~14 (2000)
- Tripp, C, "The effects of multiple product endorsements by celebrities on consumers’ attitudes and intentions", Journal of Consumer Research, 20, pp.535~547 (1994)
- van Reijmersdal, E. A, "Mixing advertising and editorial content in radio programmes : Appreciation and recall of brand placements versus commercials", International Journal of Advertising, 30(3), pp.452~446 (2011)
- Vildan, J. K, "20 Years of research on product placement in movie, television and video Games media", Journal of Economic and Social Studies, 4(2), pp.253~283 (2014)
- Vollmers, S, "TheProceedings of the1994Conference of theAmerican Academy of Advertising", pp.97~102 (1994), American Academy of Advertising
- Warner, P. C, "From clothing for sport tosportswear and the American style : The moviescarried the message, 1912-1940", The CostumeSociety, 47(1), pp.45~62 (2013)
- Williams, K, "Product placement effectiveness : revisited and renewed", Journal of Management &MarketingResearch, 7, pp.1~24 (2011)
- Wilson, R. T, "Product placements in movies and on Broadway : A field study", International Journal of Advertising, 30(3), pp.373~398 (2011)
- Zillmann, D, "Media entertainment:The psychology of its appeal", pp.37~57 (2000), Lawrence Erlbaum
