Lumbar Disc Injury: Mechanisms and Intervention Options
2
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Low back pain is prevalent in sport and the lumbar disc is a pain generator. Conservative care of these physically demanding patients is not consistent as outcome data has not established optimal strategies. Investigating disc injury mechanisms using experimental models will contribute to the creation of treatment strategies that will take into effect movements to avoid and minimize to reduce unwanted strain on the injured tissues throughout the recovery process. Additionally, how disc tissue acquires nutrition would help provide insight into activities that may facilitate the ability of disc tissue to sustain health and promote optimal healing. Rotational forces and compression in trunk-flexed positions may inflict injury to the annulus and endplate structures. Activity to facilitate nutrients through the endplate into the nucleus of the disc and restriction of exasperating movements may be effective in returning athletes to their desired levels of performance efficiently. The purpose of this review is to inquire possible disc injury mechanisms and how they occur in sport. It will also address recommendations for treatment interventions based on disc healing and metabolism evidence.
Abstract
Low back pain is prevalent in sport and the lumbar disc is a pain generator. Conservative care of these physically demanding patients is not consistent as outcome data has not established optimal strategies. Investigating disc injury mechanisms using experimental models will contribute to the creation of treatment strategies that will take into effect movements to avoid and minimize to reduce unwanted strain on the injured tissues throughout the recovery process. Additionally, how disc tissue acquires nutrition would help provide insight into activities that may facilitate the ability of disc tissue to sustain health and promote optimal healing. Rotational forces and compression in trunk-flexed positions may inflict injury to the annulus and endplate structures. Activity to facilitate nutrients through the endplate into the nucleus of the disc and restriction of exasperating movements may be effective in returning athletes to their desired levels of performance efficiently. The purpose of this review is to inquire possible disc injury mechanisms and how they occur in sport. It will also address recommendations for treatment interventions based on disc healing and metabolism evidence.
참고문헌 (52)
- Adams, M. A., "Advanced concepts in lumbar degenerative disk disease", pp.23~39 (2016), Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelburg
- Adams, M. A., "The effect of posture on fluid content of lumbar intervertebral discs", Spine, 8, pp.665~671 (1983)
- Adams, M. A., "Diurnal variations in the stresses on the lumbar spine", Spine, 12, pp.130~137 (1987)
- Adams, M. A., "Healing of a painful intervertebral disc should not be confused with reversing disc degeneration : implications for physical therapists for discogenic back pain", Clinical biomechanics, 25, pp.961~971 (2010)
- Ahlgren, B. D., "Effect of annular repair on the healing strength of the intervertebral disc : a sheep model", Spine, 25, pp.2165~2170 (2000)
- Ahlgren, B. D., "Effect of anular repair on the healing strength of the intervertebral disc : a sheep model", Spine, 25, pp.2165~2170 (2000)
- Beattie, P. F., "The change in the diffusion of water in normal and degenerative lumbar intervertebral discs following joint mobilization compared to prone lying", The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, 39, pp.4~11 (2009)
- Beeckmans, N., "The presence of respiratory disrorders in individuals with low back pain : a systematic review", Manual therapy, 26, pp.77~86 (2016)
- Berger-Roscher, N., "Influence of complex loading conditions on intervertebral disc failure", Spine, 424, pp.E78~E85 (2017)
- Bogduk, N., "The nerve supply to the human lumbar intervertebral discs", Journal of anatomy, 132, pp.39~56 (1981)
- Brisby, H., "The effect of running exercise on intervertebral disc extracellular matrix production in a rat model", Spine, 35, pp.1429~1436 (2010)
- Callaghan, J. P., "Intervertebral disc herniation : studies on a porcine model exposed to highly repetitive flexion", extension motion with compressive force, 2001, pp.16, 28~37
- Curry, W. H., "Lumbar spine endplate fractures : biomechanical evaluation and clinical considerations through experimental induction of injury", Journal of orthopaedic research, 34, pp.1084~1091 (2016)
- Dines, J. S., "Tennis injuries : epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment", The Journal of theAmerican Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 20, pp.181~189 (2015)
- Dowdell, J., "Anatomy of the pediatric spine and spine injuries in young athletes", Annals of Joint, 3, pp.1~10 (2018)
- Ehrlich, G. E., "Low back pain", Bull World Health Organ, 81, pp.671~676 (2003)
- Fardon, D. F., "Lumbar disc nomenclature: version 2.0 recommendations of the combined task forces of the north American spine society, the American society of spine radiology and the American society of neuroradiology", The spine journal, 14, pp.2525~2545 (2014)
- Fleisig, G. S., "Trunk axial rotation in baseball pitching and batting", Sports Biomech, 12, pp.324~333 (2013)
- Fu, M. C., "Epidemiology of injuries in tennis players", Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 11, pp.1~5 (2018)
- Gatt, C. J., "Impact loading of the lumbar spine during football blocking", The American journal of sports medicine, 25, pp.317~321 (1997)
- Gray, B. L., "Disc herniations in the national football league", Spine, 38, pp.1934~1938 (2013)
- Hangai, M., "Lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in athletes", The American journal of sports medicine, 37, pp.149~155 (2009)
- Hsu, W. K., "The professional athlete spine initiative : outcomes after lumbar disc herniation in 342 elite professional athletes", The spine journal, 11, pp.180~186 (2011)
- Huang, C. Y., "Effects of mechanical compression on metabolism and distribution of oxygen and lactate in intervertebral disc", Journal of biomechanics, 41, pp.1184~1196 (2008)
- Hughes, S. P. F., "The pathogenesis of degeneration of the intervertebral disc and emerging therapies in the management of back pain", The Journal of bone and joint surgery, 94, pp.1298~1304 (2012)
- Iwamoto, J., "The return to sports activity after conservative or surgical treatment in athletes with lumbar disc herniation", American journal ofphysical medicine & rehabilitation, 89, pp.1030~1035 (2010)
- Kingsley, M. I., "Moderate-intensity running causes intervertebral disc compression in young adults", Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 44, pp.2199~2204 (2012)
- Krismer, M., "The contribution of annulus fibers to torque resistance", Spine, 21, pp.2551~2557 (1996)
- Kulling, F. A., "High prevalence of disc degeneration and spondylolysis in the lumbar spine of professional beach volleyball players", Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2, pp.1~6 (2014)
- Latham, J. M., "Mechanical consequences of annular tears and subsequent intervertebral disc degeneration", Clinical biomechanics, 9, pp.211~219 (1994)
- Lee, C. Y., "The combined regulation of estrogen and cyclic tension on fibroblast biosynthesis derived from anterior crutiate ligament", Matrix biology, 23, pp.323~329 (2004)
- Lindsay, D. M., "Golf-related low back pain : a review of causative factors and prevention strategies", Asian journal of sports medicine, 5, pp.1~8 (2014)
- Lurie, J. D., "Surgical versus nonoperative treatment for lumbar disc herniation : eight-year results for the spine patient outcomes research trial(SPORT)", Spine, 39, pp.3~16 (2014)
- Malko, J. A., "An in vivo MRI study of the changes in volume(and fluid content)of the lumbar intervertebral disc after overnight bed rest and during an 8-hour walking protocol", Clinical spine surgery, 15, pp.157~163 (2002)
- Mundt, D. J., "An epidemiological study of sports and weight lifting as possible risk factors for herniated lumbar and cervical discs", The American journal of sportsmedicine, 21, pp.854~860 (1993)
- Noguchi, M., "Is intervertebral disc pressure linked to herniation? : An in-vitro study using porcine model", Journal of biomechanics, 49, pp.1824~1830 (2016)
- Rajasekaran, S., "ISSLS prize winner : the anatomy of failure in lumbar disc herniation : an in vivo, multimodel, prospective study of 181 subjects", Spine, 38, pp.1491~1500 (2013)
- Schmidt, H., "Intradiscal pressure, shear strain, and fiber strain in the intervertebral disc under combined loading", Spine, 32, pp.748~755 (2007)
- Shan, Z., "A more realistic disc herniation model incorporating compression, flexion and facet-constrained shear : a mechanical and microstructural analysis. Part II : high rate or ‘surprise’ loading", European spine journal, 26, pp.2629~2641 (2017)
- Tampier, C., "Progressive disc herniation : an investigation of the mechanism using radiologic, histochemical, and microscopic, dissection techniques on a porcine model", Spine, 32, pp.2869~2874 (2007)
- Trompeter, K., "Prevalence of back pain in sports : a systematic review of the literature", Sports medicine, 47, pp.1183~1207 (2017)
- van Heeswijk, V. M., "Posterolateral disc prolapse in flexion initiated by lateral inner annular failure : an investigation of the herniation pathway", Spine, 42, pp.1604~1613 (2017)
- Veres, S. P., "ISSLS prize winner : microstructure and mechanical disruption of the lumbar disc annulus : part II : how the annulus fails under hydrostatic pressure", Spine, 33, pp.2711~2720 (2008)
- Veres, S. P., "The morphology of acute disc herniation : a clinically relevant model defining the role of flexion", Spine, 34, pp.2288~2296 (2009)
- Veres, S. P., "ISSLS prize winner : how loading rate influences disc failure mechanics : a microstructural assessment of internal disruption", Spine, 35, pp.1897~1908 (2010)
- Veres, S. P., "The influence of torsion on disc herniation when combined with flexion", European spine journal, 19, pp.1468~1478 (2010)
- Videman, T., "Challenging the cumulative injury model : positive effects of greater body mass on disc degeneration", The spine journal, 10, pp.26~31 (2010)
- Wade, K. R., "How healthy discs herniate : a biomechanical and microstructural study investigating the combined effects of compression rate and flexion", Spine, 39, pp.1018~1028 (2014)
- Wade, K. R., "‘Surprise’ loading in flexion increases the risk of disc herniation due to annulus-endplate junction failure : a mechanical an microstructural investigation", Spine, 40, pp.891~901 (2015)
- Wade, K. R., "A more realistic disc herniation model incorporating compression, flexion and facet-constrained shear : a mechanical and microstructural analysis. Part I : low rate loading", European spine journal, 26, pp.2616~2628 (2017)
- Wang, H., "Adolescent lumbar disc herniation : experience from a large minimally invasive treatment centre for lumbar degenerative disease in Chongping. China", Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 115, pp.1415~1419 (2013)
- Wang, Y., "ISSLS prize winner : lumbar vertebral endplate lesions : associations with disc degeneration and back pain history", Spine, 37, pp.1490~1496 (2012)
