Physiological Characteristics and Seedling Growth Patterns of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) under Different Soil Conditions
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The study of germination and seedling growth characteristics of Neem under different soil and environment conditions was undertaken. The seed germination started 8 days after sowing in commercial bed soil, whereas, delayed germination was observed in sandy-loam (15 days) and sandy (19 days) soil. The highest germination (73.33%) was observed in commercial bed soil in green house, whereas, the lowest germination was observed in sandy soil (16.67%) and sandy-loam soil (8.33%). The seeds in the open field (sandy soil) also showed poor (10%) germination. The mean number of germination seed/day (GD) and seed germination vigor rate (GV) both were highest in the commercial bed soil with 0.733% and 16.67% respectively in the green house, whereas sandy and sandy-loam soil in green house and open field (sandy soil) all showed much lower GD and GV values. The seedling characteristics of nursery revealed that the seedling grown in the growth chamber in commercial bed soil was significantly higher in all the parameters comparing to others grown in green house and open field. The growth was nearly 7 fold in the chamber compared to that of the green house nursery observed in three months old seedlings. Likewise, HPLC analysis revealed that the green house grown seedling contain higher quantity of pigments compare to the chamber grown seedlings. Among the soils used the commercial soil alone or in combination with sandy and sandy-loam soil in the ratio of 2:1:1 respectively with the temperature of 27±2℃ showed better for Neem nursery preparation.
Abstract
The study of germination and seedling growth characteristics of Neem under different soil and environment conditions was undertaken. The seed germination started 8 days after sowing in commercial bed soil, whereas, delayed germination was observed in sandy-loam (15 days) and sandy (19 days) soil. The highest germination (73.33%) was observed in commercial bed soil in green house, whereas, the lowest germination was observed in sandy soil (16.67%) and sandy-loam soil (8.33%). The seeds in the open field (sandy soil) also showed poor (10%) germination. The mean number of germination seed/day (GD) and seed germination vigor rate (GV) both were highest in the commercial bed soil with 0.733% and 16.67% respectively in the green house, whereas sandy and sandy-loam soil in green house and open field (sandy soil) all showed much lower GD and GV values. The seedling characteristics of nursery revealed that the seedling grown in the growth chamber in commercial bed soil was significantly higher in all the parameters comparing to others grown in green house and open field. The growth was nearly 7 fold in the chamber compared to that of the green house nursery observed in three months old seedlings. Likewise, HPLC analysis revealed that the green house grown seedling contain higher quantity of pigments compare to the chamber grown seedlings. Among the soils used the commercial soil alone or in combination with sandy and sandy-loam soil in the ratio of 2:1:1 respectively with the temperature of 27±2℃ showed better for Neem nursery preparation.
참고문헌 (26)
- Biswas,K.I., "Biological activities and medicinal properties of Neem (Azadirachta indica)", Current Sci., 11, pp.1336~1345 (2002)
- Bahuguna,V.K, "Silveculture and management practices for cultivation of Azadirachta indica (Neem)", The Indian Forester, 123, pp.379~386 (1997)
- Chaney,W.R., "Germiantion of seeds of Azadiractha indica enhanced by endocarp removal", Intern. Tree Crop J., 5, pp.153~161 (1988)
- Chaturvedi,A.N, "In neem research and development", Indian Soc. of Pesticide Sci., 38~48 (1993)
- Ezumah,B.S, "Germination of storage of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.)", Seed Sci. and Tech., 14, pp.593~600 (1986)
- Gogati,S.S., "Anti-viral effect of Neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) extracts on Chinkugunga and Measles viruses", J. Res. and Edu. Ind. Med., 8, pp.1~5 (1989)
- Gupta,G.N, "Growth of nursery plants of Azadirachta indica as influenced by soil mixture and fertilizers in arid region", Van Vigyan, 30, pp.59~63 (1992)
- Gunasena,H.P.M., "Neem in Sri Lanka: a monograph. A publication of the University of Peradeniya- Oxford Forestry Institute (K) Forestry Research Link", Print Pack Limited, Colombo, 62~ (1998)
- Mohan,S., "Fertilizer response of selected social forestry species under varying soil texture", The Indian Forester, 116, pp.49~57 (1990)
- Nagaveni,H.C., "Note on the extension of maturity of Azadiractha indica", My forest, 23, pp.245~ (1987)
- Oh,J.S., "Long-term ecological research programme in forestry research institute", Korea. Korean J. Ecol., 23, pp.131~134 (2000)
- Okpanyi,S.N., "Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Azadirachta indica", Planta media, 41, pp.34~39 (1981)
- Parmar,B.S., "Commercialization In: Neem research and development", Society of pesticides, 270~283 (1993)
- Puri,H.S, "the Divine Tree Azadirachta indica (Herba Indica, India). Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Industrial Profiles" (1999), Hardwood academic publisher
- Porra, R.J., "Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophyll a and b with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlorophyll by atomic absorption spectroscopy", Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 975, pp.384~394 (1989)
- Radhamani,J., "Inhibition of seed germination by the endocarp in neem", Indian J. of Plant Genet. Resour., 3, pp.35~40 (1990)
- Rawat,G.S, "Neem (Azadirachta indica) Nature’s drugstore", The Indian Forester, 121, pp.977~980 (1995)
- Sultana,B., "Antioxidant activity of phenolic components present in barks of Azadirachta indica, Terminalia arjuna, Acacia nilotica and Eugenia jambolana Lam", Trees. J. Food Chem., 104, pp.1106~1114 (2007)
- Sombatsiri,K., "Other Meliaceous plants containing ingredients for integrated pest management and further purpose in: The Neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and other meliaceous plants", Germany: VCH. Verlagsgesellschaft, 589~ (1995)
- Singh, N, "Antimicrobial activity of Neem oil", Ind J. Pharmaciol., 13, pp.102~106 (1997)
- Singh, B.G., "Multiple seedling development in neem (Azadirachta indica)", The Indian For., 121, pp.1049~1052 (1995)
- Thayer,S.S., "Leaf xanthophyll content and composition in sun and shade determined by HPLC", Photosynth. Res., 23, pp.331~343 (1990)
- Utz,V, "Geographical distribution, cultivation and propagation of neem In: Practice oriented results on use and propagation of neem ingredients and pheromones", Proceedings of the 5th Neem workshop. Druck and Graphic, pp.13~18 (1993)
- Werner,D., "Fast Growing Trees and Nitrogen Fixing Trees", G. Fischer Verlag, 396~ (1990)
- Webb, D.B, "A guide of species selection for tropical and sub-tropical plantations", OFI, Oxford, 256~ (1984)
- Zulfugarov, I.S., "Dependence of reaction center-type energydependent quenching on photosystem II antenna size", Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1767, pp.773~780 (2007)