The Contents of Phytosterols, Squalene, and Vitamin E and the Composition of Fatty Acids of Korean Landrace Setaria italica and Sorghum bicolar Seeds
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초록
To characterize the nutraceutical property of Italian millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), tenKorean landraces of each crop were collected and their vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and phytosterols(campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) contents as well as fatty acid composition in seeds were evaluated. Italian milletseeds exhibited 5 forms of vitamin E isomers: three (α-, γ- and δ-) tocopherols and two (α- and γ-) tocotrienols, whilesorghum seeds showed only three forms of vitamin E isomers: α- and γ-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol. In both crops, γ-tocopherol was the major constituent of vitamin E in terms of highest quantity. Total vitamin E content in Italian millet andsorghum landraces were 88.3 mg/kg and 44.3 mg/kg, respectively. Among three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasteroland β-sitosterol) analyzed, β-sitosterol was the major form comprising about 85% and 65% in Italian millet and sorghumlandraces, respectively. Total phytosterols content ranged from 443.0 to 568.5 mg/kg and 442.3 to 719.2 mg/kg in Italianmillet and sorghum, respectively. Squalene, a precursor of phytosterols biosynthesis, ranged from 6.8 to 10.2 mg/kg inItalian millet and from 62.2 to 115.2 mg/kg in sorghum. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids in bothof the crops and about 80% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. Among the tested landraces, M09 and S10showed relatively higher proportion of phytonutrients, suggesting their potential as a gene source for further breedingprogram.
Abstract
To characterize the nutraceutical property of Italian millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), tenKorean landraces of each crop were collected and their vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and phytosterols(campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) contents as well as fatty acid composition in seeds were evaluated. Italian milletseeds exhibited 5 forms of vitamin E isomers: three (α-, γ- and δ-) tocopherols and two (α- and γ-) tocotrienols, whilesorghum seeds showed only three forms of vitamin E isomers: α- and γ-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol. In both crops, γ-tocopherol was the major constituent of vitamin E in terms of highest quantity. Total vitamin E content in Italian millet andsorghum landraces were 88.3 mg/kg and 44.3 mg/kg, respectively. Among three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasteroland β-sitosterol) analyzed, β-sitosterol was the major form comprising about 85% and 65% in Italian millet and sorghumlandraces, respectively. Total phytosterols content ranged from 443.0 to 568.5 mg/kg and 442.3 to 719.2 mg/kg in Italianmillet and sorghum, respectively. Squalene, a precursor of phytosterols biosynthesis, ranged from 6.8 to 10.2 mg/kg inItalian millet and from 62.2 to 115.2 mg/kg in sorghum. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids in bothof the crops and about 80% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. Among the tested landraces, M09 and S10showed relatively higher proportion of phytonutrients, suggesting their potential as a gene source for further breedingprogram.
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