The Evolution of Anti-Americanism in Korea: Policy Implications for the United States
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Abstract
Improved Korea-U.S. relations would serve the interests of both nationsand promote global/regional peace and stability. Therefore, the twonations should work together to alleviate anti-Americanism in Korea. Akey to accomplishing this task is for the United States to adequatelyunderstand its nature, origin, evolution, and political implications. Thispaper argues that the anti-Americanism articulated as an ideologyemerged during and after the Gwangju Uprising in 1980, and that thesubsequent ideological/intellectual struggles have spawned two distinctactivist groups: the Self-Reliance faction with pro-DPRK leanings, andthe Equality faction of both the anti-war and anti-neoliberal globaliza-tion lines. It emphasizes the significance of the newly-established anti-American social networks and a policy change on the part of the UnitedStates as well. This paper places utmost importance on the policy impli-cations of distinguishing between these two camps of social activists. Ina nutshell, it is argued that the U.S. policy-makers need to be keenlyaware that whether anti-Americanism will increase or die out in Koreagreatly depends on an accurate understanding of both the nature andconsequences of Korean social/political changes and policy decisionsthat take such an understanding into consideration.
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