Comparison of Isoflavone Composition and Content in Seeds of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Germplasms with Different Seed Coat Colors and Days to Maturity
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Isoflavone contents in soybean seeds are affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Correlation analysisbetween these factors and isoflavone contents are considered as valuable inputs when breeding improved soybean cultivars. In this study, the seeds of 49 soybean accessions grown in Korea were grouped as black, yellow, green, yellowish-green,pale yellow, and green with a black spot based on their seed coat colors. The contents of 12 isoflavones were analyzed andthe association between isoflavone content and seed coat color was determined. The accessions were also grouped as early,intermediate, and late-maturing based on their days to maturity. Out of the 12 isoflavones, 11 were found in 2 accessions, 9in 18 accessions, 8 in 11 accessions, 7 in another 11 accessions, and 6 in 7 accessions. The total isoflavone content (TIC) inblack, yellow, green, yellowish-green, pale yellow, and green with black spot soybeans was in the ranges 2.110 ~ 5.777,2.487 ~ 4.733, 2.185 ~ 4.413, 2.681 ~ 4.065, 1.827 ~ 4.085, and 3.376 ~ 4.133 ㎎/g, respectively. The average TIC washighest in green with black spot soybeans (3.616 ㎎/g), and lowest in pale yellow soybeans (2.875 ㎎/g). Besides, theaverage TIC was lowest in early maturing accessions compared to late- and intermediate-maturing accessions. TIC wasstrongly correlated to malonylgenistin (r = 0.91) and malonyldaidzin (r = 0.78) contents, and poorly correlated to glycitein(r = 0.04) and malonylglycitin (r = 0.18) contents. Also, days to maturity showed strong correlation with malonylgenistin (r= 0.47) content and TIC (r = 0.38). The principal component analysis outlined accessions with high TIC and diverseisoflavones along the first and second components, respectively. The results of the present study depicted that greensoybeans with a black spot could be sources of high TIC. Furthermore, late-maturing accessions with diverse isoflavones intheir seeds could be useful in future agricultural systems in Korea.
Abstract
Isoflavone contents in soybean seeds are affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Correlation analysisbetween these factors and isoflavone contents are considered as valuable inputs when breeding improved soybean cultivars. In this study, the seeds of 49 soybean accessions grown in Korea were grouped as black, yellow, green, yellowish-green,pale yellow, and green with a black spot based on their seed coat colors. The contents of 12 isoflavones were analyzed andthe association between isoflavone content and seed coat color was determined. The accessions were also grouped as early,intermediate, and late-maturing based on their days to maturity. Out of the 12 isoflavones, 11 were found in 2 accessions, 9in 18 accessions, 8 in 11 accessions, 7 in another 11 accessions, and 6 in 7 accessions. The total isoflavone content (TIC) inblack, yellow, green, yellowish-green, pale yellow, and green with black spot soybeans was in the ranges 2.110 ~ 5.777,2.487 ~ 4.733, 2.185 ~ 4.413, 2.681 ~ 4.065, 1.827 ~ 4.085, and 3.376 ~ 4.133 ㎎/g, respectively. The average TIC washighest in green with black spot soybeans (3.616 ㎎/g), and lowest in pale yellow soybeans (2.875 ㎎/g). Besides, theaverage TIC was lowest in early maturing accessions compared to late- and intermediate-maturing accessions. TIC wasstrongly correlated to malonylgenistin (r = 0.91) and malonyldaidzin (r = 0.78) contents, and poorly correlated to glycitein(r = 0.04) and malonylglycitin (r = 0.18) contents. Also, days to maturity showed strong correlation with malonylgenistin (r= 0.47) content and TIC (r = 0.38). The principal component analysis outlined accessions with high TIC and diverseisoflavones along the first and second components, respectively. The results of the present study depicted that greensoybeans with a black spot could be sources of high TIC. Furthermore, late-maturing accessions with diverse isoflavones intheir seeds could be useful in future agricultural systems in Korea.
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