Efficacy of Antiviral Agents and Thermotherapy in Eliminating Viruses from In Vitro Plantlets Derived from Apical Meristems of Fire Blight Resistant Apple Rootstocks G11 and G30
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Apple, the highest cultivated fruit crop in Korea, has been threatened by fire blight, a destructive disease caused by Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) since its first report in May 2015. To combat this, researchers have turned to Cornell– Geneva (Geneva® series) apple rootstocks, known for their resistance to diseases, pests, and Korea’s cold weather. We aimed to produce virus-free plants using the fire blight resistant dwarfing apple rootstocks G11 and G30 in this study. We employed virus elimination methods such as apical meristem culture (size: 0.1∼0.3 ㎜), thermotherapy (37°C for 0, 10, 20 and 30 days) and antiviral treatment (ribavirin: 0, 20, 30, 40 ㎎/L). Since apple virus diseases such as Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV, Trichovirus), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV, Foveavirus), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV, Capillovirus), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV, Ilarvirus), and apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) have been reported, they were used in the detection. As a result, after meristem culture, the virus-free rate for G11 and G30 was 30.3% and 20%, respectively. Additionally, shoot meristem cultures of G11 and G30 treated with 20.0 ㎎/L ribavirin showed increased virus elimination rates. Ribavirin treatment (20.0 ㎎/L) resulted in a 30.3% virus-free rate for G11 and 51.0% for G30. Thermotherapy (37℃) led to an 89.6% survival and 61.0% virus-free rate in G11 and 30.3% survival and 100% virus-free rate in G30. Combined thermotherapy (37°C) and ribavirin treatment (20.0 ㎎/L) for 20 days enhanced virus elimination to 100% in G30. This indicates that combining apical meristem culture, thermotherapy, and antiviral methods can effectively eliminate apple viruses from fire blight resistant apple rootstocks.
Abstract
Apple, the highest cultivated fruit crop in Korea, has been threatened by fire blight, a destructive disease caused by Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) since its first report in May 2015. To combat this, researchers have turned to Cornell– Geneva (Geneva® series) apple rootstocks, known for their resistance to diseases, pests, and Korea’s cold weather. We aimed to produce virus-free plants using the fire blight resistant dwarfing apple rootstocks G11 and G30 in this study. We employed virus elimination methods such as apical meristem culture (size: 0.1∼0.3 ㎜), thermotherapy (37°C for 0, 10, 20 and 30 days) and antiviral treatment (ribavirin: 0, 20, 30, 40 ㎎/L). Since apple virus diseases such as Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV, Trichovirus), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV, Foveavirus), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV, Capillovirus), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV, Ilarvirus), and apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) have been reported, they were used in the detection. As a result, after meristem culture, the virus-free rate for G11 and G30 was 30.3% and 20%, respectively. Additionally, shoot meristem cultures of G11 and G30 treated with 20.0 ㎎/L ribavirin showed increased virus elimination rates. Ribavirin treatment (20.0 ㎎/L) resulted in a 30.3% virus-free rate for G11 and 51.0% for G30. Thermotherapy (37℃) led to an 89.6% survival and 61.0% virus-free rate in G11 and 30.3% survival and 100% virus-free rate in G30. Combined thermotherapy (37°C) and ribavirin treatment (20.0 ㎎/L) for 20 days enhanced virus elimination to 100% in G30. This indicates that combining apical meristem culture, thermotherapy, and antiviral methods can effectively eliminate apple viruses from fire blight resistant apple rootstocks.
참고문헌 (38)
- Cembali, T., "Economic implications of a virus prevention program in deciduous tree fruits in the US", Crop Prot, 22(10), pp.1149~1156 (2003)
- Cho, K. H., "Elimination of Apple stem grooving virus from ‘Mansoo’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia L.) by an antiviral agent combined with shoot tip culture", J. Plant Biotechnol, 43(3), pp.391~396 (2016)
- Cho, S. Y., "The effects of virus and viroid infections on the growth and fruit quality of"Hongro"apples", Korean J. Plant Res, 37(4), pp.401~410 (2024)
- Chun, J. A., "Combining ex vitro thermotherapy with shoot-tip grafting for elimination of virus from potted apple plants", J. Plant Biotechno, 49(3), pp.222~229 (2022)
- Cooper, V. C., "Thermal inactivation of cherry leaf roll virus in tissue cultures of Nicotiana rustica raised from seeds and meristem-tips", Ann. Appl. Biol, 88(2), pp.273~278 (1978)
- Dĩaz-Barrita, A. J., "The use of thermotherapy and in vitro meristem culture to produce virus-free ‘chancellor’ grapevines", Int. J. Fruit Sci, 7(3), pp.15~25 (2008)
- El-Dougdoug, K. A., "Elimination of Hop stunt viroid(HSVd)from infected peach and pear plants", Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci, 4, pp.54~60 (2010)
- Faccioli, G, "Virus elimination by meristem tip culture and tip micrografting", Plant Virus Dis. Control, pp.346~380 (1998)
- Grout, B. W, "Meristem-tip culture for propagation and virus elimination", Methods Mol. Biol, 111, pp.115~125 (1999)
- Ham, H., "Outbreak of fire blight of apple and pear and its characteristics in Korea in 2019", Res. Plant Dis, 26(4), pp.239~249 (2020)
- Hansen, A. J., "New Vaccines and Chemotherapy, Applied Virology Research, Vol. 1", pp.285~299 (1988), Springer
- Hansen, A. J., "Elimination of apple chlorotic leafspot virus from apple shoot cultures by ribavirin", Plant Dis, 69(2), pp.134~135 (1985)
- Hollings, M, "Disease control through virus-free stock", Annu. Rev. Phytopathol, 3(1), pp.367~396 (1965)
- Hu, G., "Elimination of apple necrosis mosaic virus from potted apple plants by thermotherapy combined with shoot-tip grafting", Sci. Hortic, 252, pp.310~315 (2019)
- Hu, G., "Virus elimination from in vitro apple by thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy", Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult, 121(2), pp.435~443 (2015)
- Keshavarz, T., "Status of the Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus infection in native and imported apple tree cultivars in the national collection of Kamalshahr horticulture", J. Plant Protect. (Mashhad), 33(4), pp.387~396 (2019)
- Kim, M. Y., "Efficiency of virus elimination in apple calli (cv. Hongro) derived from meristem culture of dormant buds", J. Plant Biotechnol, 44(4), pp.379~387 (2017)
- Knapp, E., "Distribution of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus in apple shoots cultivated in vitro", Acta Hortic, 386, pp.187~194 (1995)
- Kwon, Y. H., "Efficient virus elimination for apple dwarfing rootstock M.9 and M.26 via thermotherapy, ribavirin and apical meristem culture", J. Plant Biotechnol, 46(3), pp.228~235 (2019)
- Lee, G., "Production system of virus-free apple plants using heat treatment and shoot tip culture", Res. Plant Dis, 19(4), pp.288~293 (2013)
- Lee, H. J., "Recent spread and potential pathways for fire blight in South Korea", EPPO Bull, 52(1), pp.135~140 (2022)
- Lee, H. S., "In vitro screening of antibacterial agents for suppression of fire blight disease in Korea", Res. Plant Dis, 24(1), pp.41~51 (2018)
- Leisner, S. M., "Effects of host plant development and genetic determinants on the long-distance movement of cauliflower mosaic virus in Arabidopsis", Plant Cell, 5(2), pp.191~202 (1993)
- Li, B. Q., "Shoot tip culture and cryopreservation for eradication of Apple stem pitting virus(ASPV)and Apple stem grooving virus(ASGV)from apple rootstocks ‘M9’ and ‘M26’", Ann. Appl. Biol, 168(1), pp.142~150 (2016)
- Li, H. F., "Viral small RNA-based screening of Malus spp. reveals citrus leaf blotch virus infection of Kaido crab apple in China", Plant Dis, 104(12), pp.3272~3272 (2020)
- Ma, X. Y., "Exogenous application of salicylic acid improves eradication of apple stem grooving virus and apple chlorotic leaf spot virus in apple", Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult, 157(3), pp.1~10 (2024)
- Maliogka, V. I., "Elimination of a new Ampelovirus(GLRaV-Pr)and Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus(GRSPaV)from two Vitis vinifera cultivars combining in vitro thermotherapy with shoot tip culture", Sci. Hortic, 123(2), pp.280~282 (2009)
- Momma, T., "Cytopathology of shoot apical meristem of hop plants infected with hop stunt viroid", J. Phytopathol, 106(3), pp.272~280 (1983)
- Murashige, T., "A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures", Physiol. Plant, 15(3), pp.473~497 (1962)
- Myung, I. S., "Fire blight of apple, caused by Erwinia amylovora, a new disease in Korea", Plant Dis, 100(8), pp.1774~1774 (2016)
- Ozgur, M., "An in vitro method to rescue embryos of horseradish, a reputedly sterile plant", J. Veg. Crop Prod, 0(2), pp.99~105 (2004)
- Paprstein, F., "Results of in vitro thermotherapy of apple cultivars", Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult, 94(3), pp.347~352 (2008)
- Park, D. H., "First report of fire blight disease on Asian pear caused by Erwinia amylovora in Korea", Plant Dis, 100(9), pp.1946~1946 (2016)
- Plopa, C, "Elimination of apple mosaic virus by tissue culture of some infected apple cultivars", Acta Hortic, (981), pp.517~522 (2013)
- Vivek, M., "Elimination of viruses through thermotherapy and meristem culture in apple cultivar ‘Oregon Spur-II’", Virus Disease, 29(1), pp.75~82 (2018)
- Wang, L., "Effect of thermotherapy on elimination of apple stem grooving virus and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus for in vitro-cultured pear shoot tips", HortScience, 41(3), pp.729~732 (2006)
- Xing, F., "Genomic analysis, sequence diversity, and occurrence of apple necrotic mosaic virus, a novel Ilarvirus associated with mosaic disease of apple trees in China", Plant Dis, 102(9), pp.1841~1847 (2018)
- Zhao, L., "Combining thermotherapy with cryotherapy for efficient eradication of Apple stem grooving virus from infected in vitro cultured apple shoots", Plant Dis, 102(8), pp.1574~1580 (2018)