Agro-morphological Diversity in Global Barley Collections with a Comparative Study of Wild and Cultivated Varieties
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study examined the agro-morphological diversity of 423 cultivated and 78 wild barley accessions collected from six continents and grown during the 2022-2023 winter season in Korea. The use of the standardized Shannon-Weaver index, Chi-square test, and analysis of variance revealed significant variation in both qualitative and quantitative traits. Cultivated types were mainly semi-erect in growth habit (66.19%), while 87.18% of wild types were intermediate. The flag leaf attitude in wild types was mostly horizontal (97.44%), whereas cultivated types commonly had horizontal (47.28%) and semi-erect (32.15%) flag leaves. Wild barley demonstrated stronger cold resistance, with 50.00% being intermediate- resistant and 46.15% semi-resistant. In contrast, 27.90% of cultivated types were susceptible, and 14.42% sustained severe damage. Wild types all had two-rowed spikes and hulled grains, while 77.54% and 13.71% of cultivated types were six-rowed and hulless, respectively. Asian accessions showed the highest proportion of semi-erect growth habit (59.88%), and European accessions were mostly intermediate (51.56%). Cold resistance was strongest among Asian and European accessions, while African accessions were found to be the most susceptible. Quantitative trait analyses revealed that cultivated types had a higher average number of grains per spike compared to wild barley. Conversely, wild barley produced heavier grains (48.40 g) than cultivated types (41.81 g). African accessions were the tallest (108.73 ㎝), while Oceanian accessions were the shortest (70.53 ㎝). Multivariate analysis effectively distinguished accessions by type and region, showing diverse associations among quantitative traits. Overall, this study highlights the agro-morphological variation among wild and cultivated barley genotypes of different origins, identifying nineteen top-performing accessions with desirable qualities.
Abstract
This study examined the agro-morphological diversity of 423 cultivated and 78 wild barley accessions collected from six continents and grown during the 2022-2023 winter season in Korea. The use of the standardized Shannon-Weaver index, Chi-square test, and analysis of variance revealed significant variation in both qualitative and quantitative traits. Cultivated types were mainly semi-erect in growth habit (66.19%), while 87.18% of wild types were intermediate. The flag leaf attitude in wild types was mostly horizontal (97.44%), whereas cultivated types commonly had horizontal (47.28%) and semi-erect (32.15%) flag leaves. Wild barley demonstrated stronger cold resistance, with 50.00% being intermediate- resistant and 46.15% semi-resistant. In contrast, 27.90% of cultivated types were susceptible, and 14.42% sustained severe damage. Wild types all had two-rowed spikes and hulled grains, while 77.54% and 13.71% of cultivated types were six-rowed and hulless, respectively. Asian accessions showed the highest proportion of semi-erect growth habit (59.88%), and European accessions were mostly intermediate (51.56%). Cold resistance was strongest among Asian and European accessions, while African accessions were found to be the most susceptible. Quantitative trait analyses revealed that cultivated types had a higher average number of grains per spike compared to wild barley. Conversely, wild barley produced heavier grains (48.40 g) than cultivated types (41.81 g). African accessions were the tallest (108.73 ㎝), while Oceanian accessions were the shortest (70.53 ㎝). Multivariate analysis effectively distinguished accessions by type and region, showing diverse associations among quantitative traits. Overall, this study highlights the agro-morphological variation among wild and cultivated barley genotypes of different origins, identifying nineteen top-performing accessions with desirable qualities.