설문지를 이용한 평소 한증(寒證) 추적 관찰 연구
Five Year’s Follow up Study of Ordinary Cold Pattern
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This follow-up observational study aimed to determine whether cold scores and patterns change over time. Cohort data from educational personnel were analyzed using a cold questionnaire to compare baseline, follow-up (F/U) after 5 years, and expert opinions. The average baseline and F/U scores were analyzed using a paired t-test. Pearson’s correlation assessed sub-factor relationships, and Cohen’s Kappa evaluated agreement among baseline, F/U after 5 years, and expert diagnosis. Among participants, the cold pattern group included 37 males (64.9%) and 20 females (35.1%), while the non-cold pattern group included 23 males (36.5%) and 40 females (63.5%)(p=.002). Positive correlations were found between baseline and F/U scores, as well as with expert scores. Factor 1 increased from 9.93 to 10.58 (p=.009), and Factor 2 increased from 12.96 to 13.75 (p=.001). Overall scores rose from 22.90 to 24.34 (p<.001). Baseline and F/U agreement was 76.7% (Kappa=0.472). Agreement with expert diagnosis was 76.7% (baseline, Kappa=0.443) and 69.2% (F/U, Kappa=0.370). Over time, cold scores increased, and cold patterns may evolve. Further studies are needed to explore long-term changes and validate findings.
Abstract
This follow-up observational study aimed to determine whether cold scores and patterns change over time. Cohort data from educational personnel were analyzed using a cold questionnaire to compare baseline, follow-up (F/U) after 5 years, and expert opinions. The average baseline and F/U scores were analyzed using a paired t-test. Pearson’s correlation assessed sub-factor relationships, and Cohen’s Kappa evaluated agreement among baseline, F/U after 5 years, and expert diagnosis. Among participants, the cold pattern group included 37 males (64.9%) and 20 females (35.1%), while the non-cold pattern group included 23 males (36.5%) and 40 females (63.5%)(p=.002). Positive correlations were found between baseline and F/U scores, as well as with expert scores. Factor 1 increased from 9.93 to 10.58 (p=.009), and Factor 2 increased from 12.96 to 13.75 (p=.001). Overall scores rose from 22.90 to 24.34 (p<.001). Baseline and F/U agreement was 76.7% (Kappa=0.472). Agreement with expert diagnosis was 76.7% (baseline, Kappa=0.443) and 69.2% (F/U, Kappa=0.370). Over time, cold scores increased, and cold patterns may evolve. Further studies are needed to explore long-term changes and validate findings.