십진수 기반의 암호화 연산 프로토콜을 이용한 프라이버시 보호형 kNN 질의처리 알고리즘
Privacy-preserving kNN Query Processing Algorithm using Decimal-based Encryption Operation Protocol
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초록
최근 클라우드 컴퓨팅이 발전함에 따라 데이터베이스 아웃소싱에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 데이터베이스를 아웃소싱하는 경우, 데이터 소유자의 정보가 내부 및 외부 공격자에게 노출되는 문제점을 지닌다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 프라이버시 보호를 지원하는 십진수 기반의 암호화 연산 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안하는 프로토콜은 이진수 기반의 암호화 연산 프로토콜과 달리 bit length 만큼 반복 연산을 수행하지 않기 때문에 연산의 효율성을 향상시킨다. 아울러 십진수 기반의 암호화 연산 프로토콜을 이용한 kNN 질의처리 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 kNN 질의처리 알고리즘은 암호화 연산의 효율성을 향상시킨 십진수 기반의 프로토콜을 사용함으로써 높은 질의 처리 성능을 제공한다. 한편 제안하는 알고리즘의 보안 분석을 수행하여, 데이터 보호, 질의 보호, 접근 패턴 보호를 지원함을 증명한다. 마지막으로 성능평가를 통해, 제안하는 kNN 질의처리 알고리즘이 기존 알고리즘에 비해서 약 5배의 질의처리 성능 향상이 있음을 보인다.
Abstract
With the development of cloud computing, interest in database outsourcing has recently increased. However, when the database is outsourced, there is a problem in that the information of the data owner is exposed to internal and external attackers. Therefore, in this paper, we propose decimal-based encryption operation protocols that support privacy preservation. The proposed protocols improve operational efficiency compared to binary-based encryption operation protocols by eliminating the need for repetitive operations based on bit length. In addition, we propose a privacy-preserving kNN query processing algorithm using decimal-based encryption operation protocols. The proposed kNN query processing algorithm provides high query processing performance by utilizing efficient decimal-based protocols which enhance the efficiency of the encryption operations. Meanwhile, the security analysis of the proposed algorithm is performed to prove its data protection, query protection, and access pattern protection. Through our performance analysis, the proposed kNN query processing algorithm shows about 5 times better query processing performance, compared with the existing algorithms.
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