Massive Duodenal Bleeding after the Migration of Endovascular Coils into the Small Bowel
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Among gastrointestinal emergencies, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a challenging clinical problem owing to significantpatient morbidity and costs involved in management. Endoscopic hemostatic therapy is the mainstay of treatment and decreases theincidence of re-bleeding, the need for surgery, morbidity, and mortality. However, in 8%–15% of patients with upper gastrointestinalbleeding, endoscopic hemostatic therapy does not successfully control bleeding. Trans-arterial coil embolization is an effectivealternative treatment for endoscopic hemostatic failure; however, this procedure can induce adverse outcomes, such as non-targetvessel occlusion, vessel dissection and perforation, and coil migration. Coil migration is rare but causes severe complications, suchas re-bleeding and bowel ischemia. However, in most cases, coil migration is local and involves spontaneous healing without seriouscomplications. Here, we report the case of a patient who underwent trans-arterial coil embolization of the gastroduodenal artery withthe purpose of controlling massive duodenal bleeding, resulting in a fatal outcome caused by coil migration.
Abstract
Among gastrointestinal emergencies, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a challenging clinical problem owing to significantpatient morbidity and costs involved in management. Endoscopic hemostatic therapy is the mainstay of treatment and decreases theincidence of re-bleeding, the need for surgery, morbidity, and mortality. However, in 8%–15% of patients with upper gastrointestinalbleeding, endoscopic hemostatic therapy does not successfully control bleeding. Trans-arterial coil embolization is an effectivealternative treatment for endoscopic hemostatic failure; however, this procedure can induce adverse outcomes, such as non-targetvessel occlusion, vessel dissection and perforation, and coil migration. Coil migration is rare but causes severe complications, suchas re-bleeding and bowel ischemia. However, in most cases, coil migration is local and involves spontaneous healing without seriouscomplications. Here, we report the case of a patient who underwent trans-arterial coil embolization of the gastroduodenal artery withthe purpose of controlling massive duodenal bleeding, resulting in a fatal outcome caused by coil migration.
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