Features of Facial Asymmetry Following Incomplete Recovery from Facial Paralysis
1
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate peculiar patterns of facial asymmetry following incomplete recovery from facial paralysis that require optimal physical therapy for effective facial rehabilitation, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable facial sequelae. Materials and Methods: This study involved 41 patients who had facial sequelae following the treatment of various facial nerve diseases from March 2000 to March 2007. All patients with a followup of at least 1 year after the onset of facial paralysis or hyperactive function of the facial nerve were evaluated with the global and regional House-Brackmann (HB)grading systems. The mean global HB scores and regional HB scores with standard deviations were calculated. Other factors were also analyzed. Results:Four patterns of facial asymmetry can be observed in patients with incomplete facial recovery. The most frequently deteriorated facial movement is frontal wrinkling, followed by an open mouth, smile, or lip pucker in patients with sequelae following facial nerve injury. The most common type of synkinesis was unintended eye closure with an effort to smile. Conclusion: We described common configurations of facial asymmetry seen in incomplete recovery following facial nerve injury in an attempt to develop an optimal strategy for physical therapy for complete and effective facial recovery, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable sequelae.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate peculiar patterns of facial asymmetry following incomplete recovery from facial paralysis that require optimal physical therapy for effective facial rehabilitation, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable facial sequelae. Materials and Methods: This study involved 41 patients who had facial sequelae following the treatment of various facial nerve diseases from March 2000 to March 2007. All patients with a followup of at least 1 year after the onset of facial paralysis or hyperactive function of the facial nerve were evaluated with the global and regional House-Brackmann (HB)grading systems. The mean global HB scores and regional HB scores with standard deviations were calculated. Other factors were also analyzed. Results:Four patterns of facial asymmetry can be observed in patients with incomplete facial recovery. The most frequently deteriorated facial movement is frontal wrinkling, followed by an open mouth, smile, or lip pucker in patients with sequelae following facial nerve injury. The most common type of synkinesis was unintended eye closure with an effort to smile. Conclusion: We described common configurations of facial asymmetry seen in incomplete recovery following facial nerve injury in an attempt to develop an optimal strategy for physical therapy for complete and effective facial recovery, and to decrease the incidence of avoidable sequelae.
참고문헌 (14)
- Lundborg G, "Nerve Injury and Repair. 2nd ed" (2004), Churchill Livingstone
- Yen TL, "Significance of House-Brackmann facial nerve grading global score in the setting of differential facial nerve function", Otol Neurotol, 24, pp.118~122 (2003)
- Neely JG, "Defining functional limitation, disability, and societal limitations in patients with facial paresis: initial pilot questionnaire", Am J Otol, 17, pp.340~342 (1996)
- Twerski A, "The emotional impact of facial paralysis In The facial nerve.", pp.788~794 (1986), Thieme
- Schmidt KL, "Speed, amplitude, and asymmetry of lip movement in voluntary puckering and blowing expressions: implications for facial assessment", Motor Control, 9, pp.270~280 (2005)
- Bateman DE, "Facial palsy", Br J Hosp Med, 47, pp.430~431 (1992)
- Ohye RG, "Bell’s palsy", Am Fam Physician, 40, pp.159~166 (1989)
- Brach JS, "Facial neuromuscular retraining for oral synkinesis", Plast Reconstr Surg, 99, pp.1922~1931 (1997)
- Deleyiannis FW, "Muscle activity in the partially paralyzed face after placement of a fascial sling: a prelliminary report", Ann Plast Surg, 55, pp.449~455 (2005)
- Manikandan N, "Effect of facial neuromuscular re-education on facial symmetry in patients with Bell’s palsy: a randomized controlled trial", Clin Rehabil, 21, pp.338~343 (2007)
- VanSwearingen JM, "Changes in facial movement and synkinesis with facial neuromuscular reeducation", Plast Reconstr Surg, 111, pp.2370~2375 (2003)
- Spiegel JH, "Frontalis midline dehiscence: an anatomical study and discussion of clinical relevance", J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 62, pp.950~954 (2009)
- Miehlke A, "Eneroth CM. Surgery of the facial nerve. 2nd ed" (1973), Urban & Schwarzenberg
- Meier JL, "Comparative biology of latent varicellazoster virus and herpes simplex virus infections", J Infect Dis, 166, pp.S13~23 (1992)