Milk Consumption and Framingham Risk Score: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data (2008–2011)
1
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Purpose: The benefit of milk intake remains controversial. The association between milk consumption and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in a population consuming relatively low amounts of dairy products is undetermined. Materials and Methods: A total of 13736 adults (5718 male and 8018 female) aged 20–80 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2011) were divided into groups according to milk consumption (rarely, monthly, weekly, and daily) and compared according to FRS after relevant variable adjustments. Results: The mean FRS in males and females were 6.53 and 5.74, respectively. Males who consumed milk daily (15.9%) had a significantlylower FRS than males having milk rarely (31.6%) or monthly (17.4%; p=0.007). Females who consumed milk daily (22.3%) also had significantly lower FRS than rarely (29.8%), monthly (13.8%), or weekly (34%; p=0.001) consumers. In particular, males ≥60 years old who consumed milk daily had a significantly lower FRS than males who consumed less milk (p<0.001). The odds ratio in this age group showed a significant and gradual increase in the weekly [OR=2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–4.03], monthly (OR=2.29; 95% CI 1.15–4.54), and rarely (OR=3.79; 95% CI 2.01–7.14) milk consumption groups when compared with the daily milk consumption group. Conclusion: Milk consumption was associated with a lower FRS in a low milk-consuming population. In particular, daily milk consumptionin males over 60 years old may be beneficial for those at risk for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract
Purpose: The benefit of milk intake remains controversial. The association between milk consumption and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in a population consuming relatively low amounts of dairy products is undetermined. Materials and Methods: A total of 13736 adults (5718 male and 8018 female) aged 20–80 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2011) were divided into groups according to milk consumption (rarely, monthly, weekly, and daily) and compared according to FRS after relevant variable adjustments. Results: The mean FRS in males and females were 6.53 and 5.74, respectively. Males who consumed milk daily (15.9%) had a significantlylower FRS than males having milk rarely (31.6%) or monthly (17.4%; p=0.007). Females who consumed milk daily (22.3%) also had significantly lower FRS than rarely (29.8%), monthly (13.8%), or weekly (34%; p=0.001) consumers. In particular, males ≥60 years old who consumed milk daily had a significantly lower FRS than males who consumed less milk (p<0.001). The odds ratio in this age group showed a significant and gradual increase in the weekly [OR=2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–4.03], monthly (OR=2.29; 95% CI 1.15–4.54), and rarely (OR=3.79; 95% CI 2.01–7.14) milk consumption groups when compared with the daily milk consumption group. Conclusion: Milk consumption was associated with a lower FRS in a low milk-consuming population. In particular, daily milk consumptionin males over 60 years old may be beneficial for those at risk for cardiovascular disease.
참고문헌 (28)
- Steffen LM, "Associations of plant food, dairy product, and meat intakes with 15-y incidence of elevated blood pressure in young black and white adults: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study", Am J Clin Nutr, 82, pp.1169~1177 (2005)
- Turner KM, "Dairy consumption and insulin sensitivity: a systematic review of short- and long-term intervention studies", Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 25, pp.3~8 (2015)
- German JB, "A reappraisal of the impact of dairy foods and milk fat on cardiovascular disease risk", Eur J Nutr, 48, pp.191~203 (2009)
- Soedamah-Muthu SS, "Milk and dairy consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies", Am J Clin Nutr, 93, pp.158~171 (2011)
- Patterson E, "Association between dairy food consumption and risk of myocardial infarction in women differs by type of dairy food", J Nutr, 143, pp.74~79 (2013)
- Rice BH, "Meeting and exceeding dairy recommendations: effects of dairy consumption on nutrient intakes and risk of chronic disease", Nutr Rev, 71, pp.209~223 (2013)
- Markey O, "Dairy and cardiovascular health: friend or foe?", Nutr Bull, 39, pp.161~171 (2014)
- Wang C, "Milk drinking and mortality: findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study", J Epidemiol, 25, pp.66~73 (2015)
- Goldbohm RA, "Dairy consumption and 10-y total and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study in the Netherlands", Am J Clin Nutr, 93, pp.615~627 (2011)
- Michaëlsson K, "Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men: cohort studies", BMJ, 349, pp.g6015~ (2014)
- Sun Y, "Dairy product consumption and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis", World J Gastroenterol, 20, pp.15879~15898 (2014)
- Zhu B, "Evaluation of a community intervention program in Japan using Framingham risk score and estimated 10-year coronary heart disease risk as outcome variables: a non-randomized controlled trial", BMC Public Health, 13, pp.219~ (2013)
- Wilson PW, "Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories", Circulation, 97, pp.1837~1847 (1998)
- National cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III)., "Third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) final report", Circulation, 106, pp.3143~3421 (2002)
- Ferket BS, "Predictive value of updating Framingham risk scores with novel risk markers in the U.S. general population", PLoS One, 9, pp.e88312~ (2014)
- National Rural Resources Development Institute, "Food Composition Table" (2006), Rural Development Administration
- Hegsted DM, "Fractures, calcium, and the modern diet", Am J Clin Nutr, 74, pp.571~573 (2001)
- Segall JJ, "Hypothesis: is lactose a dietary risk factor for ischaemic heart disease?", Int J Epidemiol, 37, pp.1204~1208 (2008)
- Song Y, "Whole milk intake is associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality among U.S. male physicians", J Nutr, 143, pp.189~196 (2013)
- Lampe JW, "Dairy products and cancer", J Am Coll Nutr, 30(5Suppl 1), pp.464S~470S (2011)
- Sonestedt E, "Dairy products and its association with incidence of cardiovascular disease: the Malmö diet and cancer cohort", Eur J Epidemiol, 26, pp.609~618 (2011)
- Gross KC, "Fruits and vegetables are a source of galactose: implications in planning the diets of patients with galactosaemia", J Inherit Metab Dis, 14, pp.253~258 (1991)
- Cui X, "Chronic systemic Dgalactose exposure induces memory loss, neurodegeneration, and oxidative damage in mice: protective effects of R-alpha-lipoic acid", J Neurosci Res, 84, pp.647~654 (2006)
- Jumbo-Lucioni PP, "Oxidative stress contributes to outcome severity in a drosophila melanogaster model of classic galactosemia", Dis Model Mech, 6, pp.84~94 (2013)
- Livingstone KM, "Does dairy food intake predict arterial stiffness and blood pressure in men?: evidence from the Caerphilly prospective study", Hypertension, 61, pp.42~47 (2013)
- Kondo I, "Consumption of dairy products and death from cardiovascular disease in the Japanese general population: the NIPPON DATA80", J Epidemiol, 23, pp.47~54 (2013)
- Sun Y, "Milk consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in older Chinese: the Guangzhou biobank cohort study", PLoS One, 9, pp.e84813~ (2014)
- Gander J, "Factors related to coronary heart disease risk among men: validation of the Framingham risk score", Prev Chronic Dis, 11, pp.E140~ (2014)