임플란트 고정체와 지대주 간의 전하중 크기가 골응력에 미치는 영향에 대한 유한요소해석
Effect of Implant Preload on the Marginal Bone Stresses Studied by Three Dimensional Finite Element Aanalysis
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초록
본 연구에서는 임플란트 고정체와 지대주 간의 전하중 크기가 임플란트 주위 변연골의 응력분포에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 해석 모델은 하악골에 식립되는 단일 임플란트(solid형 지대주와 submerged 형 고정체)로 제작되었고, 외력 조건으로는 임플란트 지대주 상부에 100N의 기능력이 협설 방향으로 30도 경사져 협측으로 작용하도록 설정하였다. 전하중의 크기가 변연골 응력 분포에 어떠한 차이가 생기게 하는지를 조사하기 위해 다섯 개의 다른 전하중의 크기(0, 200, 400, 600, 800N)를 부여하였다. 모든 분석은 선형 탄성을 가정하여 ABAQUS/CAE (ver6.10-1, HKS, Fremont, CA, USA) 프로그램을 사용하였다. 임플란트 주위 변연골 응력분포의 차이는 전하중의 크기와 관련이 있었다. 100N의 교합력 하에 전하중이 0인 경우 변연골(임플란트 벽에서 0.1mm 떨어진 부분)에서 압축 응력은 28.33MPa이었는데, 전하중을 200N 증가시킬 때마다 1.76MPa씩 증가하였다. 이런 방식으로 800N의 전하중을 가할 때 나타나는 최대 압축 응력은 35.18MPa이었다. 반면 변연골에서의 인장 응력은 전하중이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 임플란트 고정체와 지대주 간의 전하중은 변연골에서의 압축 응력을 증가시킬 수 있으나 기능력에 비하면 그 효과는 미미할 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
This study is to assess the effect of preload level on the stress development at the marginal cortical bone surrounding implant neck. A finite element model was created for a single implant placed in the lower jaw bone. An external load of 100N was applied on the top of abutment at 30 degree with the implant axis in lingo-buccal direction. Five different preloads, i.e. 0, 200, 400, 600, 800N were applied to the abutment stem to investigate if and/or how the preload affects on the marginal bone stress. Differences in the marginal bone stress were recorded depending on the level of preload. On the other hand, the tensile stress on the marginal cortical bone decreased in models of higher preload. Preloads between abutment/fixture can increase compressive stresses in the marginal cortical bone although the amount may be insignificant as compared to those generated by functional forces.
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