Spectrofluorometric quantification of Clozapine in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Herein, we present a simple, precise, accurate, and ultra-sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for estimation of clozapine (CLZ) in tablets and human plasma was developed and then validated. A highly fluorescent brown-yellowish fluorophore was formed (λex=469 nm, λemi=540 nm) as a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurred between CLZ and 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-Cl) in alkaline mcllavine buffer (pH 9.0). Optimum values of experimental parameters were carefully determined and optimized. The calibration curve was rectilinear over the concentration range of 80-900 ng mL−1 with a linear correlation coefficient (r =0.9984). The LOD and LOQ were determined to be 14 ng mL−1 and 42 ng mL−1, respectively. The proposed approach has been used successfully to quantification of Clozapine in its commercial formulations and human plasma.
Abstract
Herein, we present a simple, precise, accurate, and ultra-sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for estimation of clozapine (CLZ) in tablets and human plasma was developed and then validated. A highly fluorescent brown-yellowish fluorophore was formed (λex=469 nm, λemi=540 nm) as a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurred between CLZ and 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-Cl) in alkaline mcllavine buffer (pH 9.0). Optimum values of experimental parameters were carefully determined and optimized. The calibration curve was rectilinear over the concentration range of 80-900 ng mL−1 with a linear correlation coefficient (r =0.9984). The LOD and LOQ were determined to be 14 ng mL−1 and 42 ng mL−1, respectively. The proposed approach has been used successfully to quantification of Clozapine in its commercial formulations and human plasma.
참고문헌 (36)
- M. W. Jann, , Pharmacother. J. Hum. Pharmacol. Drug Ther, 11(3), pp.179~195 (1991)
- M. G. Choc, , Pharm. Res, 7(4), pp.347~351 (1990)
- M. A. Raggi, , J. AOAC Int, 84(2), pp.361~367 (2001)
- A. Essali, , Cochrane Database Syst. Rev, 2009(1), pp.1~174 (2009)
- D. Siskind, , Br. J. Psychiatry, 209(5), pp.385~392 (2016)
- P. B. Mitchell, "Therapeutic drug monitoring of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs, Vol. 7", pp.257~275 (2020), Elsevier
- J. M. J. Alvir, , NEJM, 329(3), pp.162~167 (1993)
- F. Islam, , Biol. Psychiatry, 89(9), pp.S341~ (2021)
- N. Tunsirimas, , Asian J. Psychiatr, 41, pp.13~16 (2019)
- S. Rajagopal, "Clozapine, agranulocytosis, and benign ethnic neutropenia", The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, ~ (2005)
- M. Hasegawa, , Neuropsychopharmacology, 11(1), pp.45~47 (1994)
- M. Wiciński, , Curr. Opin. Hematol, 25(1), pp.22~28 (2018)
- S. L. Gerson, , Drug Safety, 7(1), pp.17~25 (1992)
- W. Ng, , Chem. Res. Toxicol, 27(7), pp.1104~1108 (2014)
- B. A. Sproule, , Clin. Pharmacokinet, 33(6), pp.454~471 (1997)
- U. A. Patil, , Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res, 1, pp.733~736 (2009)
- H. Ben-Yoav, , Electrochim. Acta, 163, pp.260~270 (2015)
- K. Farhadi, , Anal. Sci, 23(4), pp.479~483 (2007)
- U. Bondesson, , Psychopharmacology, 95(4), pp.472~475 (1988)
- M. Rosland, , Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm, 33(10), pp.1158~1166 (2007)
- M. Raggi, , Chromatographia, 49(1-2), pp.75~80 (1999)
- Y. Liu, , Biomed. Chromatogr, 15(4), pp.280~286 (2001)
- C. Wongsinsup, , CMU. J. Nat. Sci, 9, pp.29~37 (2010)
- E. Schulz, , Pharmacopsychiatry, 28(01), pp.20~25 (1995)
- K. Manjunatha, , Indian J. Pharm. Sci, 67(4), pp.448~ (2005)
- H. Weigmann, , Ther. Drug Monit, 19(4), pp.480~488 (1997)
- E. Dural, , Turkish J. Pharm. Sci, 12(2), pp.177~186 (2015)
- S. Mennickent, , J. Sep. Sci, 30(13), pp.2167~2172 (2007)
- A. Avenoso, , J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Appl, 714(2), pp.299~308 (1998)
- A. M. Eldidamony, , Int. J. Pharm, 7(1), pp.178~184 (2015)
- M. R. Fathi, , IEEE Sens. J, 17(18), pp.6069~6076 (2017)
- E. Reyhan, , J. Sci. Perspect, 1(2), pp.19~30 (2017)
- K. A. Attia, , Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc, 244 (2021)
- "Guideline, I. Q2 (R1): validation of analytical procedure:text and methodology", ICH, ~ (2005)
- A. Ayman, , Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc, 238 (2020)