Green HPLC method development and validation for quantification of fostamatinib with kinetics, LC-MS/MS characterization and in-silico assessment of forced degradation products
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The present study focused to propose a green, stability-indicating HPLC method for the quantification of fostamatinib along with its degradation kinetics, LC-MS/MS-based characterization, and in-silico toxicity evaluation of forced degradation products. In order to reduce the environmental impact, a green mobile phase of 0.1 % aqueous formic acid and ethanol in 30:70 (v/v) was employed and this composition eliminate the need for conventional toxic solvents such as acetonitrile and methanol. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shim-pack GIST C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) under isocratic conditions with 0.7 mL/ min flow and detection at 238 nm. These conditions elute fostamatinib with 4.4 min retention time with 10 min run time. The method shows excellent linearity within 15-90 μg/mL with sensitive LOD (0.15 μg/mL) and LOQ values (0.5 μg/mL) concentrations. The forced degradation studies of fostamatinib reveal 23.56 % degradation in acid stress and generate five distinct DPs at specific retention times. The kinetic analysis confirms that the degradation follows first-order degradation with a rate constant of 0.0226 h⁻¹ and a half-life of 30.61 hours. The DPs were structurally characterized using LC-MS/MS, with DP 1 have the lowest molecular weight (m/z 183.2044), and DP 4 and DP 5 shows complex phosphate and nitrogen-based fragmentation similar to fostamatinib. The In-silico toxicity analysis using ProTox-II shows that DP 1 exhibit the highest toxicity, while DP 5 show the lowest acute toxicity but still required attention due to multiple toxicological activities. The green HPLC method developed by utilizing ethanol and aqueous buffer as mobile phase solvents was demonstrated high environmental sustainability and was confirmed by AGREE (0.81) and GAPI tools. Overall, this method was validated, eco-friendly, and effective for routine quantification of fostamatinib that ensure both analytical reliability and environmental safety.
Abstract
The present study focused to propose a green, stability-indicating HPLC method for the quantification of fostamatinib along with its degradation kinetics, LC-MS/MS-based characterization, and in-silico toxicity evaluation of forced degradation products. In order to reduce the environmental impact, a green mobile phase of 0.1 % aqueous formic acid and ethanol in 30:70 (v/v) was employed and this composition eliminate the need for conventional toxic solvents such as acetonitrile and methanol. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shim-pack GIST C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) under isocratic conditions with 0.7 mL/ min flow and detection at 238 nm. These conditions elute fostamatinib with 4.4 min retention time with 10 min run time. The method shows excellent linearity within 15-90 μg/mL with sensitive LOD (0.15 μg/mL) and LOQ values (0.5 μg/mL) concentrations. The forced degradation studies of fostamatinib reveal 23.56 % degradation in acid stress and generate five distinct DPs at specific retention times. The kinetic analysis confirms that the degradation follows first-order degradation with a rate constant of 0.0226 h⁻¹ and a half-life of 30.61 hours. The DPs were structurally characterized using LC-MS/MS, with DP 1 have the lowest molecular weight (m/z 183.2044), and DP 4 and DP 5 shows complex phosphate and nitrogen-based fragmentation similar to fostamatinib. The In-silico toxicity analysis using ProTox-II shows that DP 1 exhibit the highest toxicity, while DP 5 show the lowest acute toxicity but still required attention due to multiple toxicological activities. The green HPLC method developed by utilizing ethanol and aqueous buffer as mobile phase solvents was demonstrated high environmental sustainability and was confirmed by AGREE (0.81) and GAPI tools. Overall, this method was validated, eco-friendly, and effective for routine quantification of fostamatinib that ensure both analytical reliability and environmental safety.