자궁내막증 환자에서 복강경수술 후 자연임신에 영향을 미치는 예측인자
Prognostic factors for predicting spontaneous pregnancy after laparoscopic surgical treatment of endometriosis
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목적: 자궁내막증 환자에서 복강경수술 후 자연임신에 영향을 미치는 예측인자로서의 임상소견 및 수술 소견에 대해 평가하고자 한다. 연구 방법: 2003년 1월부터 2008년 3월까지 강남세브란스 병원 산부인과에서 복강경수술 후 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자 82명을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 모든 환자에서 수술적 치료 후 12개월간 자연임신을 시도하여 임신된 환자군의 비율을 구하고, 임신군과 비임신군 사이에서 다양한 임상 소견, 수술장 소견과 미국 불임학회 분류 (American Society for Reproductive Medicine Revised classification)를 통한 점수 및 병기를 비교하여 이 중 차이가 있는 변수를 이용하여 불임에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 결과: 총 82명 중 32명이 임신되어 39.0%의 임신율을 보였다. 치료 후부터 임신까지의 평균 기간은 5.96±3.43개월이었다. I, II기는 76.9%, III, IV기는 31.9%의 임신율을 보였다. 임신군과 비임신군 간에 의미 있게 차이를 보인 변수는 revised American Fertility Society (r-AFS) 점수 (P=0.015)와 병기 (P=0.018), 더글라스와 완전 폐쇄 여부였으며 (P=0.045), 이 중 더글라스와의 완전 폐쇄가 Odds ratio 13.366로 불임에 의미 있게 영향을 미치는 인자로 나타났다 (P=0.037). 결론: 가임기의 자궁내막증 환자에서 더글라스와의 완전 폐쇄 여부는 자연임신에 영향을 미치는 인자로 생각되므로 수술장에서 이러한 소견이 발견될 경우 보다 적극적이고 광범위한 박리가 요구될 것으로 보이며 수술 후 신속한 보조생식술을 시행하는 것이 타당할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Objective: To identify the prognostic factors for predicting spontaneous pregnancy after laparoscopic surgical treatment of endometriosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed in 82 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic surgery with subsequent pathological confirmation of the endometriosis at Gangnam Severance Hospital from January 2003 to March 2008. We investigated the spontaneous pregnancy rate during the 12 months following surgical treatment and administration of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone agonist (GnRH agonist). Factors associated with clinical characteristics, blood tests and operative findings were compared with pregnant and non-pregnant women. Results: The number of patients succeed to spontaneous pregnancy was 32 and failed to pregnancy was 50. Cumulative pregnancy rate was 39.02%. Mean pregnancy duration after surgical treatment was 5.96±3.43 months. r-AFS stage or grouping into two stages (mild/severe) (P=0.018), r-AFS score (P=0.008) and cul-de-sac obliteration (P=0.038) was significantly different between pregnant and non-pregnant group. Complete cul-de-sac obliteration was the independent factor of pregnancy failure in women with endometriosis after laparoscopic surgery. Conclusion: Complete cul-de-sac obliteration may be the important factors for predicting spontaneous pregnancy outcome in women with endometriosis after laparoscopic surgical treatment.
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