아토피피부염과 건강인 대조군의 장내미생물에 대한 정량적 분석 문헌에 대한 고찰

Abstract

Abstract Objective : To investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition between individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy controls by conducting a structured, quantitative review of observational studies published between 2016 and 2025, and to identify microbial patterns potentially associated with AD onset or progression. Methods : A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase databases using keywords related to atopic dermatitis and gut microbiota. Observational studies comparing gut microbial compositions between AD patients and healthy subjects were included. Interventional trials, animal studies, and reviews were excluded. Only statistically significant differences in microbial abundance were included. Microbial data were extracted and summarized based on frequency, direction of association, and analytic method. Results : A total of 35 studies were included, comprising diverse age groups and geographic backgrounds. Consistent findings included reduced relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium, and increased abundance of Bacteroides, Anaerostipes, and Ruminococcus in AD patients. However, several taxa such as Lactobacillus, Collinsella, Blautia, Enterococcus and Enterobacter showed inconsistent trends depending on age, geography, and study design. Differences in study methodology, statistical approach, and resolution contributed to observed heterogeneity Conclusions : This review highlights distinct yet heterogeneous alterations in gut microbiome associated with atopic dermatitis. While Bifidobacterium depletion and Bacteroides enrichment in AD group are recurrent findings, the relationship between AD and other genera appears context-dependent. Future studies should employ shotgun metagenomics and multi-omics approaches to clarify strain-level functional roles and account for confounders such as diet, age, and antibiotic exposure.