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휠체어 추진 속도에 따른 체간 안정성 변화에 관한 연구

A Study of Trunk Stability During Wheelchair Propulsion Under Various Speed Conditions

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주제분류기타사회과학

초록

장애인들의 삶의 질 향상을 위해서는 사회로의 접근성(accessibility) 보장되어야 하며, 이를 위해서는 이동성(mobility) 확보가 우선되어야 한다. 휠체어는 장애인의 이동권 증진을 위해 가장 보편적으로 사용되는 재활보조기구인 동시에 사용자의 장애를 예방하고, 보완하고, 교정하기 위한 목적으로 사용되는 보조기구이기도 하다. 이에 본 연구는 휠체어 추진 시 체간 안정성 향상을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위해 서로 다른 세 가지 추진 속도(0.65m/s, 1.0m/s, 1.35m/s)에서 휠체어를 추진하는 동안 추진 주기의 시간적 변수와 체간 근육의 동원 형태와 강도 변화를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 휠체어 추진 속도에 따른 추진 주기의 시간적 변수 사이의 유의성을 살펴본 결과 추진기 시간과 회복기 시간은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2. 휠체어 추진 속도에 따른 추진기 동안의 복부근 활성도 차이를 살펴본 결과, 복직근과 외복사근 및 내복사근은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 배부근, 즉 흉최장근, 요장늑근 및 다열근 역시 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. 회복기에서 휠체어 추진 속도에 따른 복부근의 활성도 차이를 살펴본 결과 복직근, 외복사근, 그리고 내복사근은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 배부근, 즉 흉최장근, 요장늑근 및 다열근 모두에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 4. 0.65m/s, 1.0m/s, 그리고 1.35m/s에서 휠체어를 추진하는 동안, 추진기 및 회복기에서 동원되는 복부근군과 배부근군의 활성도 사이에서는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 휠체어 추진 속도는 추진 주기의 시간적 변수와 체간 근육 동원 양상 및 강도에 영향을 미쳐 체간 안정성 변화 요인으로 작용하므로 다양한 중재 방안 마련을 통해 체간 안정성 확보와 이차적인 위험 요인을 감소시켜야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the kinematic characteristics of trunk from unimpaired individuals during wheelchair propulsion under various speed conditions. Thirty unimpaired subjects was participated in this study after providing informed consent. Subjects propelled test on a motor-driven wheelchair treadmill under three different speed conditions: 0.65m/s, 1.0m/s and 1.35m/s. Upper extremity movement and trunk muscles recruitment pattern were recorded for each speed condition. Based on the elbow movement during propulsion, the propulsion cycle was divided into two stages in order to define the roles of the trunk stability more specifically. To describe time parameters of wheelchair propulsion, a three dimensional(3-D) analysis of upper extremity movement was performed during the wheelchair stroke. This study also was investigated about Electromyographic(EMG) activity of trunk muscles. EMG signal was analysed using root mean square (RMS) values. In order to assure the statistical significance of the results, the one-way ANOVA and independent t-test were applied at the .05 and .01 level of significance. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The time parameters of wheelchair propulsion (push and recovery time) at three different speed were statistically significant differences. 2. There were statistically significant differences in %MVIC RMS value variations of abdominal and back muscle with wheelchair propulsion speed changes during push stage. 3. There were statistically significant differences in %MVIC RMS value variations of abdominal and back muscle with wheelchair propulsion speed changes during recovery stage. 4. Back muscle activity was significantly larger than abdominal muscle activity across three different propulsion speeds during push stage. These results suggest that trunk muscles activities during wheelchair propulsion under various speed conditions is essential for the trunk stability, with lower back muscle and lumbar column predominating. And, abdominal and back muscle groups co-contracted at wheelchair propulsion to provide sufficient trunk stability to meet the demands of propulsion. To prevent risk from trunk instability, wheelchair users should train trunk muscle endurance program and artificially stimulating paralyzed trunk muscles. Moreover, education of propulsion posture and a suitable joint position with customizing wheelchair may improved trunk stability and propulsion performance.

참고문헌 (44)

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