달리기 중 신발 중저의 경도가 인체를 따라 흡수되는 충격에 미치는 영향
Influence of the Midsole Hardness on Shock Absorption along the Human Body during Running
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
During running, the human body experiences repeated impact force between the foot and the ground. The impact force is highly associated with injury of the lower extremity, comfort and running performance. Therefore, shoemakers have developed shoes with various midsole properties to prevent the injury of lower extremity, improve the comfort and enhance the running performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate influence of midsole hardness on shock absorption along the human body during running. Thirty two expert runners consented to participate in the study and ran at a constant speed with three different pairs of shoes with soft, medium and hard midsole respectively. Using accelerometers we measured the shock absorption from shoe heel to cervical vertebral column. In conclusion, at the shoe heel, shock was the greatest with the hard midsole. However because most shock was absorbed between shoe heel and the knee, notable influence of midsole was not detected upper knee. At shoe heel, regardless of midsole hardness, the shock of younger female was the greatest. The authors expect to apply this result for providing a guideline for utilizing proper midsole hardness for manufacturing age and gender-specific shoe.
Abstract
During running, the human body experiences repeated impact force between the foot and the ground. The impact force is highly associated with injury of the lower extremity, comfort and running performance. Therefore, shoemakers have developed shoes with various midsole properties to prevent the injury of lower extremity, improve the comfort and enhance the running performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate influence of midsole hardness on shock absorption along the human body during running. Thirty two expert runners consented to participate in the study and ran at a constant speed with three different pairs of shoes with soft, medium and hard midsole respectively. Using accelerometers we measured the shock absorption from shoe heel to cervical vertebral column. In conclusion, at the shoe heel, shock was the greatest with the hard midsole. However because most shock was absorbed between shoe heel and the knee, notable influence of midsole was not detected upper knee. At shoe heel, regardless of midsole hardness, the shock of younger female was the greatest. The authors expect to apply this result for providing a guideline for utilizing proper midsole hardness for manufacturing age and gender-specific shoe.
참고문헌 (38)
- A.Hreljac, "Impact and overuse injuries in runners", Med.Sci.Sports Exerc., 36(5), pp.845~849 (2004)
- A. Hreljac, "A biomechanical perspective of predicting injury risk in running", Int.SportMed J., 7(2), pp.98~108 (2006)
- J.E. Taunton, "A prospective case-control analysis of 2002 running injuries", Br.J.Sports Med., 36(2), pp.95~101 (2002)
- P.R. Cavanagh, "Ground reaction forces in distance running", J.Biomech., 13(5), pp.397~406 (1980)
- 김영은, "수직 충격률에 따른 척추 경막 단면적 변화 해석", 의공학회지, 24(5), pp.421~425 (2003), 대한의용생체공학회
- Y.K. Cho, "A numerical study on the response of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty to longitudinal impact", J.Biomed.Eng.Res., 19(5), pp.503~510 (1998)
- C. Milgrom, "A prospective study of the effect of a shock absorbent orthotic device on the incidence of stress fractures in military recruits", Foot Ankle, 6, pp.101~104 (1985)
- A. Voloshin, "An in vivo study of low back pain and shock absorption in the human locomotor system", J.Biomech., 15(1), pp.21~27 (1982)
- M.A. Lafortune, "Differential shock transmission response of the human body to impact severity and lower limb posture", J.Biomech., 29, pp.1531~1537 (1996)
- J.A. Nyland, "Relationship of fatigued run and rapid stop to ground reaction forces,lower extremity kinematics,and muscle activation", J.Orthop.Sports Phys.Ther, 20, pp.132~137 (1994)
- J. Mizarahi, "Analysis of parameters affecting impact force attenuation during landing in human vertical free fall", Eng.Med., 11, pp.141~147 (1982)
- B.M. Nigg, "The influence of running velocity and midsole hardness on external impact forces in heel-toe running", J.Biomech., 20(10), pp.951~959 (1987)
- R.S. Barrett, "The dynamic loading response of surfaces encountered in beach running", J.Sci.Med.Sport,, 1(1), pp.1~11 (1998)
- P.R. Cavanagh, "Ground reaction forces in distance running", J.Biomech., 13(5), pp.397~406 (1980)
- S.J. Dixon, "Surface effects on ground reaction forces and lower extremity kinematics in running", Med.Sci.Sports Exerc., 32(11), pp.1919~1926 (2000)
- V.H. Stiles, "Biomechanical response to systematic changes in impact interface cushioning properties while performing a tennis-specific movement", J.Sports Sci., 25(11), pp.1229~1239 (2007)
- T.S. Gross, "The shock attenuation role of the ankle during landing from a vertical jump", Med.Sci.Sports Exerc., 20(5), pp.506~514 (1988)
- J. Hamill, "Shock attenuation and stride frequency during running", Hum.Mov.Sci., 14, pp.45~60 (1995)
- T.R. Derrick, "Energy absorption of impacts during running at various stride lengths", Med.Sci.Sports Exerc., 30(1), pp.128~135 (1998)
- J.M. Flynn, "The effect of localized leg muscle fatigue on tibial impact acceleration", Clin.Biomech., 19, pp.726~732 (2004)
- E. Coventry, "The effect of lower extremity fatigue on shock attenuation during single-leg landing", Clin.Biomech., 21, pp.1090~1097 (2006)
- S.D. Perry, "Influence of footwear midsole material hardness on dynamic balance control during unexpected gait termination", Gait Posture, 25, pp.94~98 (2007)
- K.G. Gerritsen, "Direct dynamics simulation of the impact phase in heel-toe running", J.Biomech., 28(6), pp.661~668 (1995)
- C.S.Kwak, "Influence of midsole hardness of sport shoes on pressure distribution and shock attenuation during running", 박사, pp.1993
- C.S.Kwak, "Effects of shoe weight and midsole hardness of running shoes on running economy and its application", Korean J.Phys.Educ., 40(3), pp.955~973 (2001)
- T.H. Kim, "Influnce of midsole hardness of aerobic shoes on motion and shock attenuation during high kick", Korean J.Sport Biomech, 6(1), pp.93~106 (1996)
- Y.J. Lee, "Effects of midsole hardness and body weight on the shock attenuation and rearfoot control in running", Korean J.Phys.Educ., 37(3), pp.338~348 (1998)
- 목승한, "달리기 시 운동화 중저의 경도가 신발굴곡각도의 크기에 미치는 영향", 한국운동역학회지, 14(2), pp.85~103 (2004), 한국운동역학회
- T.E. Clarke, "Effects of shoe cushioning upon ground reaction forces in running", Int.J.Sports Med., 4(4), pp.247~251 (1983)
- E.C.Frederick, "Physiological and ergonomics factors in running shoe design", Appl.Ergon., 15(4), pp.281~287 (1984)
- B.M. Nigg, "Methodological aspects of sport shoe and sport surface analysis", pp.1041~1052 (1981), Biomechanics VIII-B, Champaign
- B.M. Nigg, "The influence of running velocity and midsole hardness on external impact forces in heel-toe running", J.Biomech., 20(10), pp.951~959 (1987)
- B.M. Nigg, "The influence of heel flare and midsole construction on pronation,supination and impact forces for heel-toe running", J.Appl.Biomech., 4(3), pp.205~219 (1988)
- 정임숙, "보행 시 무릎관절 내번토크에 미치는 후족웻지의 영향", 의공학회지, 25(4), pp.8~8 (2004), 대한의용생체공학회
- P.J. McNair, "Kinematic and kinetic parameters associated with running in different shoes", Br.J.Sports Med., 28(4), pp.256~260 (1994)
- E.C. Hardin, "The influence of midsole cushioning on mechanical and hematological responses during a prolonged downhill run", Res.Q.Exerc.Sport, 73(2), pp.125~133 (2002)
- H. Kinoshita, "In vivo examination of the dynamic properties of the human heel pad", Int.J.Sports Med., 14(6), pp.312~319 (1993)
- S. Prichasuk, "The heel-pad compressibility", Clin.Orthop.Relat.Res., (300), pp.197~200 (1994)