지방정부 국제기구를 통한 도시외교의 제도화 기반과 특성 연구 - 세계지방정부연합(UCLG) 사례 중심 -
Institutional Foundations and Characteristics of City Diplomacy through International Organizations of Local Governments: The Case of UCLG(Union of Cities & Local Governments)
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외교와 관련된 국제제도화의 참여주체와 이슈영역은 복합적임에도 불구하고, 지방정부의 주체성 및 이슈접근에 대한 학문적 관심은 중앙정부에 비해 상대적으로 매우 취약한 실정이다. 이러한 배경에는 지방정부 또한 공식적 정부기관임에도 불구하고 전통적으로 중앙정부의 외교주체 주류성이라는 오인이 작용하고 있는 것 같다. 그러나 국제외교의 민주화·개방화와 지구화-지방화의 수렴이라는 추세로 중앙정부 중심의 외교적 한계에 대한 보충성 차원에서 다중트랙 외교의 한 주체로서의 도시외교가 국가하위적(sub-national) 차원에서 새로운 경로로 인식되게 되었다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 국제제도의 한 유형으로서 지방정부국제기구의 대표성을 지닌 세계지방정부연합(UCLG)을 중심으로 통합 이전 및 이후 단계의 제도화 과정에서 관찰되는 기반 및 특성을 분석하고자 한다. 국제제도의 특성화된 분석틀에 따라 UCLG의 일반적인 제도적 기반 및 이슈영역별 특성을 고찰한 후, 도시외교의 제도적 기반을 바탕으로 외교양식(지구거버넌스와 다중트랙 외교), 외교정향(평화구축), 외교행태(도시외교 주체·영역 간 중층적 파트너십과 네트워크성 등)별로 제도적 특성을 분석·도출하고자 한다. 이를 통해 국가하위적 주체들로 구성된 UCLG와 같은 지방정부국제기구가 지구이슈를 관리하는 지구거버넌스의 새로운 구성적 행위주체가 될 수 있음이 자연스럽게 규명될 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
Participating agents and issue-areas in international institutionalizing process are multi-complex in nature, but academic endeavors analyzing those of local-governmental authorities have relatively been in vulnerable status than the case of central governments. This peculiar phenomenon has long been dominated by the deep-rooted misconception that central governments has its exclusively legal ownership, though local authorities are also officially government agent, in modern diplomatic arena. However due to the trends of democratization and openness of international diplomacy and gradual convergence toward glocalization, city diplomacy, as a route of multi-track diplomacy, came to constitute one of complementary agents against the limitations of central governments’ global responses. The purpose of this study is to analyze institutional foundations and its characteristics of international organizations of local authorities through the case the UCLG(Union of Cities and Local Governments). Major sub-themes of the study are composed of theoretical reexaminations of international institutions(including international organizations and their institutionalization), institutional foundations of the UCLG(organizational- and constitutive norms-based), overall architecture of city diplomacy(institutional foundations & framework), diplomatics mode(global governance and multi-track diplomacy), diplomatic orientations(city diplomacy & peace-building) and diplomatic behaviors(multi-level partnership of local authorities and other international stakeholders, networkarchy architecture of diverse global issue-areas). In conclusion, this study is to confirm that UCLG, as an international institution of local authorities and as a newly emerging constitutive agent of global governance, will be endowed with its own legitimacy and effectiveness in global everyday life.
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