장애인용 핸드컨트롤을 이용한 가속 및 제동 페달을 동작할 때의 상지 근육 EMG 분석 및 운전 성능 평가
Analysis of Muscle Activities and Driving Performance for Manipulating Brake and Accelerator Pedal by using Left and Right Hand Control Devices
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purpose of this study was to investigate the EMG characteristics of driver’s upper extremity and driving performance for manipulating brake and accelerator pedal by using left and right hand control devices during simulated driving. The people with disabilities in the lower limb have problems in operation of the motor vehicle because of functional loss for manipulating brake and accelerator pedal. Therefore, if hand control device is used for adaptive driving controls in people with lower limb impairments, the disabled people can improve their quality of life by driving a motor vehicle. Six subjects were participated in this study to evaluate driving performance and muscle activities for operating brake and accelerator pedal by using two different hand controls (steering column mounted hand control and floor mounted hand control) in driving simulator. We measured EMG activities of six muscles (posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, triceps, biceps, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis) during pushing and pulling movement with different hand controls for acceleration and braking. STISim Drive 3 software was used for the performance test of different hand control devices in straight lane course for time to reach target speed and brake reaction time. While pulling the hand control lever toward the driver, normalized EMG activities of middle deltoid, triceps and flexor carpi radialis in subjects with disabilities were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the normal subjects. It was also found that muscle responses of posterior deltoid were significantly increased (p < 0.05) when using the right hand control than left hand control. While pushing the hand control lever forward away from the driver, normalized EMG activities of posterior deltoid, middle deltoid and extensor carpi radialis in subjects with disability were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the normal subjects. It was shown that muscle responses of middle deltoid, biceps and extensor carpi radialis were significantly increased when using the right hand control than left hand control. Brake reaction time and time to reach target speed in subjects with disability was increased by 12% and 11.3% on average compared to normal subjects. The subjects with physical disabilities showed a tendency to relatively slow acceleration at the straight lane course.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the EMG characteristics of driver’s upper extremity and driving performance for manipulating brake and accelerator pedal by using left and right hand control devices during simulated driving. The people with disabilities in the lower limb have problems in operation of the motor vehicle because of functional loss for manipulating brake and accelerator pedal. Therefore, if hand control device is used for adaptive driving controls in people with lower limb impairments, the disabled people can improve their quality of life by driving a motor vehicle. Six subjects were participated in this study to evaluate driving performance and muscle activities for operating brake and accelerator pedal by using two different hand controls (steering column mounted hand control and floor mounted hand control) in driving simulator. We measured EMG activities of six muscles (posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, triceps, biceps, flexor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi radialis) during pushing and pulling movement with different hand controls for acceleration and braking. STISim Drive 3 software was used for the performance test of different hand control devices in straight lane course for time to reach target speed and brake reaction time. While pulling the hand control lever toward the driver, normalized EMG activities of middle deltoid, triceps and flexor carpi radialis in subjects with disabilities were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the normal subjects. It was also found that muscle responses of posterior deltoid were significantly increased (p < 0.05) when using the right hand control than left hand control. While pushing the hand control lever forward away from the driver, normalized EMG activities of posterior deltoid, middle deltoid and extensor carpi radialis in subjects with disability were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the normal subjects. It was shown that muscle responses of middle deltoid, biceps and extensor carpi radialis were significantly increased when using the right hand control than left hand control. Brake reaction time and time to reach target speed in subjects with disability was increased by 12% and 11.3% on average compared to normal subjects. The subjects with physical disabilities showed a tendency to relatively slow acceleration at the straight lane course.
참고문헌 (23)
- "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, United Nations", ~ (2006)
- Lee, B. W, "Mobility law for people with disabilities and there is no policy", Welfare Trends, 169, pp.30~35 (2012)
- Nam, B. J, "Current situation and issues of mobility for people with disabilities", Welfare Trends, 174, pp.22~27 (2013)
- 126, "Directive 2006", pp.Official Journal of the European Union, EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on Driving Licenses
- Freeman, C. C, "Evaluation of adaptive automotive driving aids for the disabled", Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 50(4), pp.536~544 (1974)
- Gurgold, G. D, "Assessing the driving potential of the handicapped", The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 32(1), pp.41~46 (1978)
- Haslegrave C. M, "Car controls for physically handicapped drivers", International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicle, pp.235~242 (1985)
- Koppa, R. J, "State of the art in automotive adaptive equipment", The Human Factors, 32(4), pp.439~455 (1990)
- Roush, L, "A survey of activation importance of individual secondary controls in modified vehicles", Assist Technology, 4(2), pp.66~69 (1992)
- 이달엽, "장애인의 이동권과 접근성 보장을 위한 특수차량 개념설계", 특수교육저널:이론과 실천, 5(3), pp.139~159 (2004), 한국특수교육문제연구소
- 정우철, "Development of Smart Driving System Using iPod and Its Performance Evaluation for People with Severe Physical Disabilities in the Driving Simulator", 대한인간공학회지, 31(5), pp.637~646 (2012), 대한인간공학회
- 김용철, "Development and Evaluation of Smart Secondary Controls Using iPad for People with Hemiplegic Disabilities", 대한인간공학회지, 34(2), pp.85~101 (2015), 대한인간공학회[DOI]
- Murray-Leslie, C, "Aids for disabled drivers", British Medical Journal, 301(24), pp.1206~1209 (1990)
- 김지영, "경수손상 환자의 수동식 장치 조작능력 측정", Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 26(1), pp.6~36 (2002), 대한재활의학회
- Lee, D-Y, "The amendment of the standards of driving ability test for the handicapped", Journal of Industrial and Technology, 15(2), pp.77~86 (2003)
- McKnight, A. J, "Assessment of vehicle safety problems for special driving populations" (1979), U.S. Department of Transportation, NHTSA
- Pilkey, W, "Hand control usage and safety assessment, U.S. Department of Transportation" (2001), Volpe Transportation Systems Center
- Koppa, R. J, "Human factors analysis of automotive adaptive equipment for disabled drivers" (1980), U.S. Department of Transportation, NHTSA
- Peters, B, "Driving performance and workload assessment of drivers with tetraplegia: an adaptation evaluation framework", Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 38(2), pp.215~224 (2001)
- Fowler, M, "A novel driving simulator utilizing driver-by-wire controllers to test drivers with disabilities: evaluation of acceleration and braking controls", RESNA Annual Conference (2010)
- Boyce, M. W, "Resource consumption and simulator driving performance using adaptive controls", Assistive Technology, 25, pp.158~165 (2013)
- Hunter, J. A. A, "Handbook of Disabled Driver Assessment" (2009), Forum of Mobility Centres
- Pelletrito, J. M, "Driver rehabilitation and community mobility:Principles and Practice" (2006), Mosby