Clinical Characteristics of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Drug-naïve Alzheimer’s Disease
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Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are less well-defined aspects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We designed this study to explore the followings: 1) the clinical profiles of BPSD 2) the clustered-groups domains of the Korean-Neuropsychiatric Inventory (K-NPI) assessment of BPSD 3) the clinical characteristics of the clustered-groups of BPSD in patients with drug-naïve probable AD. Methods: Descriptive and cluster analyses of the 12 K-NPI domains were done in 220 patients with drug-naïve probable AD. After clustering these domains, characteristics of these positive symptoms clustered-group of patients were compared with the negative symptoms groups of patients. Results: The mean Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, and K-NPI scores were 15.0, 1.6, and 14.2, respectively. The CDR and K-MMSE scores correlated with total K- NPI scores, and depression was the most common symptom. According to cluster analysis, five major clusters were identified. Using the associated neuropsychological dysfunctions, characteristics of each group were defined. Conclusions: This study identified the clustered-domains for K-NPI, and suggested the possible anatomical substrates for these groups in drug-naïve AD patients. These attempts may clarify the complex and bizarre behavioral and psychological symptoms as more neurologically relevant symptoms.
Abstract
Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are less well-defined aspects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We designed this study to explore the followings: 1) the clinical profiles of BPSD 2) the clustered-groups domains of the Korean-Neuropsychiatric Inventory (K-NPI) assessment of BPSD 3) the clinical characteristics of the clustered-groups of BPSD in patients with drug-naïve probable AD. Methods: Descriptive and cluster analyses of the 12 K-NPI domains were done in 220 patients with drug-naïve probable AD. After clustering these domains, characteristics of these positive symptoms clustered-group of patients were compared with the negative symptoms groups of patients. Results: The mean Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, and K-NPI scores were 15.0, 1.6, and 14.2, respectively. The CDR and K-MMSE scores correlated with total K- NPI scores, and depression was the most common symptom. According to cluster analysis, five major clusters were identified. Using the associated neuropsychological dysfunctions, characteristics of each group were defined. Conclusions: This study identified the clustered-domains for K-NPI, and suggested the possible anatomical substrates for these groups in drug-naïve AD patients. These attempts may clarify the complex and bizarre behavioral and psychological symptoms as more neurologically relevant symptoms.
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