이중 주파수 tACS를 이용한 안정상태 시각 유발 전위 반응 향상
Enhancing Multiple Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential Responses Using Dual-frequency tACS
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Steady-state visual evoked potential-based brain-computer interface (SSVEP-BCI) is one of the promising sys- tems that can serve as an alternative input device due to its stable and fast performance. However, one of the major bot- tlenecks is that some individuals exhibit no or very low SSVEP responses to flickering stimulation, known as SSVEP illit- eracy, resulting in low performance on SSVEP-BCIs. However, a lengthy duration is required to enhance multiple SSVEP responses using traditional single-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). This research proposes a novel approach using dual-frequency tACS (df-tACS) to potentially enhance SSVEP by targeting the two frequencies with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each participant. Seven participants (five males, average age: 24.42) were exposed to flickering checkerboard stimuli at six frequencies to determine the weakest SNR frequencies. These frequen- cies were then simultaneously stimulated using df-tACS for 20 minutes, and the experiment was repeated to evaluate changes in SSVEP responses. The results showed that df-tACS effectively enhances the SNR at each targeted frequency, suggesting it can selectively improve target frequency responses. The study supports df-tACS as a more efficient solution for SSVEP illiteracy, proposing further exploration into multi-frequency tACS that could stimulate more than two frequen- cies, thereby expanding the potential of SSVEP-BCIs.
Abstract
Steady-state visual evoked potential-based brain-computer interface (SSVEP-BCI) is one of the promising sys- tems that can serve as an alternative input device due to its stable and fast performance. However, one of the major bot- tlenecks is that some individuals exhibit no or very low SSVEP responses to flickering stimulation, known as SSVEP illit- eracy, resulting in low performance on SSVEP-BCIs. However, a lengthy duration is required to enhance multiple SSVEP responses using traditional single-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). This research proposes a novel approach using dual-frequency tACS (df-tACS) to potentially enhance SSVEP by targeting the two frequencies with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each participant. Seven participants (five males, average age: 24.42) were exposed to flickering checkerboard stimuli at six frequencies to determine the weakest SNR frequencies. These frequen- cies were then simultaneously stimulated using df-tACS for 20 minutes, and the experiment was repeated to evaluate changes in SSVEP responses. The results showed that df-tACS effectively enhances the SNR at each targeted frequency, suggesting it can selectively improve target frequency responses. The study supports df-tACS as a more efficient solution for SSVEP illiteracy, proposing further exploration into multi-frequency tACS that could stimulate more than two frequen- cies, thereby expanding the potential of SSVEP-BCIs.
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