일제강점기 일본식민사학자들의 고려 영토 인식
Japanese Scholar Bureaucrat’s Recognition of the Territory of Goryeo in the Japanese Colonial Era
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Abstract
Since 1945, historians in Korea have endeavored to overcome the logical mistakes of the colonial view of Korean history, which was proposed by the Japanese-scholar bureaucrats during the Japanese colonial era; but they have not rarely touch the logical foundation supporting their views, social Darwinism, which were introduced in the early Meiji period. By examining the Social Darwinism embedded in Japanese historians who conducted historical studies on the Goryeo Period, this article aims to consider the Japanese historians' confirmation to the location of the nine fortifications in northeast province of Goryeo. In order to achieve this goal, this article tracks the origin of the colonial view of history, particularly, by examining “Choshenshi” (History of Korea) written by Hayashi Taiske who had a companionship with Edward Sylvester Morse, an American zoologist who introduced Social Darwinism to the Meiji Japan. In this book, Hayashi defined Goryeo to a savage kingdom characterized by the social chaos represented by frequent military coups and the political corruptions of the dominant classes. Second, they adopted the empirical research methods in order to prove their biased hypothesis to the development pattern of the Korean history. The subject of this article, ‘the Japanese historians’ confirmation to the location of the nine fortification of northeast province was the representative study conducted by the Japanese-scholar bureaucrats who emphasized the scientific methods characterized by maps and actual surveys of the sites. Third, this article focus on the Man-Sen shi (滿鮮史), a historical view attempting to prove the hypothesis that the Korea was a part of Manchuria. Differently from historians who had this historical view, Ikeuchi Hiroshi and Tsuda Sokichi, who collected historical sources and conducted archaeological field works in Manchuria and Korea, attempted to confine the historical territory of Korea as conducting empirical studies on the geographical locations of the nine fortifications. While their studies caused to dissolve the Man-Sen shi, they established the positive view of history in Japan.
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