한국 전통사찰의 정원 문화경관 연구 – 화엄사를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Among the Hwaeom Thoughts, Sipjipum influenced the creation of mountain temples in a way that matched the mountain topography. Therefore, in order to understand the characteristics of gardens that appear in traditional Hwaeom temples, the following results were obtained by examining the characteristics of gardens for each space using Hwaeomsa as a study site. The survey was conducted through literature survey, field survey, and spatial analysis survey. First, the initial arrangement system of Hwaeomsa was carried out along the branch of a mountain range linking Nogodan-Wonsabong-Gakhwangjeon, and the location was determined to prevent flooding of Masancheon from Hwaeomsa. Second, the vertical spatial composition of Hwaeomsa according to the sipjipum among the Hwaeom Thoughts was made up of stairs, three gates, a pavilion, and huge stone steps. In order to apply the process of performing Sipjipum to the sloped terrain, it was composed of Sampumdan, centered on the main stonework of Bojeru and Daeungjeon, and a lot of stairs. Third, the external space of Hwaeomsa was divided into courtyard space, semi-courtyard space, process space, buffer space, front space, and open space. The courtyard space was used as a space for rites, meditation, and residence. Fourth, according to the purpose and location of temple gardens, the types of gardens were divided into religious ceremonial space gardens, training and meditation space gardens, gate gardens, residential space gardens, and service space gardens. Fifth, religious ceremonial space garden appears in the form of a courtyard space or open space, and expresses the world of Yeonhwajang by creating a magnificent garden with large stoneworks, stone towers, stone lanterns, Pinus thunbergii Parl., Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis Uyeki, and Acer palmatum Thunb.. Among the training and meditation space gardens, Jeokmukdang and Gangwon form a enclosed space as a two-buildings courtyard space and form an undecorated garden for Zen meditation. On the other hand, the courtyard space between Manwoldang and Bojeru has an open structure as a place for training and residence, forming the most gorgeous garden form with Prunus mume S. et Z. and Prunus serrulata var. spontanea (MAX). wils. planted. The gate Garden is the most important garden in Hwaeomsa, and it can be said that it is a process space that embodies the philosophy of the sipjipum. Camellia japonica L. is planted as a road leading to paradise, and there is a rock garden along with the monument group, making it the focal point. Finally, through this study, an appropriate research method was obtained to understand the characteristics of the garden of the traditional Hwaeom temple. In the future, we intend to conduct a comparative study on traditional temples of different sects using this analysis framework.