A Grammaticalization-based Study on Negative Polarity Items
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Abstract
This paper explores semantic changes that occurred in negative polarity items (NPIs) in English. Concerned items are formed as "a(n) Noun", originated from such nouns as pin, fig, button, farthing, straw, rap, and rush, and etc. The NPIs get more grammatical status by categorial changes from typical nouns to adverbs. The principles and mechanisms are invoked to explain the course of grammaticalization of the NPIs. It is suggested that in the process of becoming NPIs, decategorialization, divergence, layering, unidirectionality, and source determination should be involved as principles. Metaphor, generalization, and subjectification should be concerned in mechanisms. Consequently, the phenomena of certain NPIs that bear theoretical significance in grammaticalization studies are explained in the light of grammaticalization principles and mechanisms. I.e., the focus is placed on how the lexemes belonging to full categories become grammaticalized. It is also confirmed that it is elusive to apprehend semantic changes by using a single mechanism. Various mechanisms should be involved instantaneously or consecutively in these semantic changes.
참고문헌 (25)
- "A Note on Scope of Quantifiers and Negation", pp.136~138 (1970)
- "Some Semantic Universals of German Adjectives Foundations of Language 3", pp.1~36 (1967)
- "The Evolution of Grammar and Modality in the Languages of the World University of Chicago Press" (1994)
- "What's in a Word? Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of Language" (1971), Academic Press
- "The Primitive Nature of Children's Relational Concepts Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of Language" (1971)
- "Studies in Language 13", pp.1~50 (1989)
- "Notes on the Semantic Structure of English Adjectives", 46, pp.816~837 (1970)
- "The Time-axis Phenomenon", 49, pp.890~925 (1973)
- "On Understanding Grammar" (1979), Academic Press
- "Grammaticalization and Reanalysis in African Languages" (1984)
- "University of Chicago Press" (1991)
- "From Cognition to Grammar Approaches to Grammaticalization", 2 s, pp.149~187 (1991)
- "On Some Principles of Grammaticization Approaches to Grammaticalization", 2 s, pp.17~35 (1991)
- "Grammaticalization" (2003), New York: Cambridge University Press
- "Negation in English The Evolution of Grammatical Categories", pp.38~54
- "A Grammaticalization-based Study on Negative Polarity Items" (2003)
- "A Grammaticalization Approach to NPIs: Focused on Idiomatic Minimum", 12(1), pp.43~66 (2005)
- "Semantic Specificity and Grammaticalization: A Cross-linguistic Case Study", 7, pp.223~248 (2000)
- "Semantic Generality and Grammaticalization: With Reference to Korean Synonymous Pairs", 18, pp.187~208 (2000)
- "Causality in Two Worlds", pp.484~507 (1982)
- "Metaphorical Models of Thought and Speech A Comparison of Historical Directions and Metaphorical Mappings in the Two Domains", pp.446~459 (1987)
- "From Propositional to Textual and Expressive Meanings; Some Semantic-pragmatic Aspects of Grammaticalization Perspectives on Historical Linguistics" (1982)
- "a Festschrift for Robert P Stockwell from his Friends and Colleageus", pho(logica) (1986), In Caroline Duncan-Rose and Theo Vennemann
- "The Semantics-pragmatics of Grammaticlization Revisted Approaches to Grammaticalization", 2 s
- "Linguistics in Philosophy" (1967), Cornell University Press