경영자의 사업 가치관과 교육훈련 투자에 관한 탐색적 연구
An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between CEO’s Business Value and Training Investment
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 경영자의 사업에 대한 가치관을 경제적 가치관과 사회적 가치관으로 구분하고, 두 가치관이 교육훈련 투자(교육훈련 총액, 교육훈련 방법 다양성)에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 그리고 경영자의 사업 가치관과 교육훈련 투자의 관계에서 불확실한 환경과 전년도 경영성과를 조절변수로 설정하여 환경 및 재정적 여건들 하에서 교육훈련 투자에 대한 경영자 사업 가치관의 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 조사는 군산 소재 500여 개의 중소기업 경영자들을 대상으로 사업 가치관과 교육훈련 투자(금액 및 방법)에 대해 설문조사하였다. 설문조사는 우편, 이메일, 그리고 직접 방문 등을 통해서 이루어졌으며, 총 153개 업체의 자료를 통계 처리하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중소기업 경영자의 사회적 가치관은 교육훈련 투자액과 교육훈련 방법 다양성 모두에 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 나타냈다. 이 결과는 경영자가 기업 운영을 통해 사회에 기여하고자 하는 신념이 강할수록, 보다 고품질의 제품과 서비스를 양산하기 위해 교육훈련 투자액을 높이고, 다양한 교육훈련 방법들(현장 OJT, 멘토링, 직무 관련 교육 프로그램, 관리자 승진 교육훈련, e-Learning, 외부 강사 초청 교양교육 등)을 동원함을 보여주는 것이다. 둘째, 경영자의 경제적 가치관과 교육훈련 방법 다양성과 통계적으로 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 나타냈다. 즉, 경제적 가치관의 중소기업 경영자는 필수적인 교육훈련 이외의 다양한 교육훈련에 부정적임을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 환경 불확실성과 전년도 경영성과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며, 그 이유를 논의하였다. 마지막으로 연구의 시사점과 한계점을 토론하였다.
Abstract
This study, facing up to the fact that the training in the rapidly changing business environments of the 21 century makes an organization secure its competitiveness, has tried to find key influence factors to training investment from CEO’s business value. To put it concretely, with CEO’s business value being largely classified into economic business value and social business value, it has appreciated the effect of those two values on the amount invested in training and the variety of training. In addition, in terms of the correlation between CEO’s business value and investment in training, the firm performance of the previous year and the environmental uncertainty have been employed as moderating variables. Theoretical background were reviewed those preceding researches on CEO’s business value, investment in training and its method and environmental uncertainty. The conceptual relationship models of research variables have been established for research model so that the concrete correlation might be appreciated for hypothesis establishment. The research objects of about 500 small and medium businesses located in Gunsan City were surveyed on CEOs’ values and their different training conditions (amount, methods and time). The total 163 copies questionnaires were collected, 153 out of which, those with insincere answers excluded, have been analyzed by means of SPSS Statistical Package. The research results are suggesting the verification of hypotheses and the outcome of statistical analysis on training states. The followings are the key outcomes. First, among CEOs’ business values, the social business value showed a positive effect of statistical significance on the invested amount in and the variety of training, which means that the more a CEO’s belief for contribution to the society by managing his/her business is, the more the invested amount in training for better quality and service gets and the more variously the training methods are carried out. Second, the economic business value showed a positive effect on the variety of training. On the other hand, it was revealed that there is no relationship between CEOs’ economic value and their investment in training. Third, the environmental uncertainty and the firm performance of the previous year, which were employed as moderating variables in respect to the relationship between their business value and training, did not show any statistical significance. On the contrary, the higher environmental uncertainly of an organization was found to have the trend of decreased investment in training. This finding, reflecting the unique environmental features of small and medium businesses in Gunsan City, makes it possible to assume that it is because they, owing to the characteristics of small and medium businesses, put more special stress on the improvement of short-term internal performance factors rather than try to overcome the environmental uncertainty via any long-term plan through training. Fourth, the following shows the training status of those small and medium businesses in Gunsan City. The investigation of valid samples revealed that the total amount and the total time spent on the training in 2014 were 7,236,088 won (median = 3,000,000 won) and 172 hours (21.5 days) (median = 16 hours ( two days)) on average respectively. Out of the total 7 training methods (training for new staff, OJT (on-the-job training), training program related to duties, training program for managers’ promotion, mentoring, e-learning and liberal education by invited instructors), 2.5 on average were being carried out. Lastly, the implications of and limitations to this study have been discussed.
참고문헌 (45)
- 강순희, "경력개발지원이 기업성과에 미친 영향:교육훈련에 대한 보완 효과", 노동정책연구, 10(2), pp.35~65 (2010), 한국노동연구원
- 노경란, "한국기업의 교육훈련비 투자 결정요인 분석 - 2005~2009년도 인적자본기업패널 자료를 중심으로-", HRD연구, 13(3), pp.1~27 (2011), 한국인력개발학회
- 한국기업의 교육훈련투자 결정요인과 효과분석, "류장수", 한국노동연구원, ~ (1995)
- 박상욱, "대한민국 기업패널자료를 활용한 기업 현직교육훈련의 경제적 효과 재조명", 인적자원관리연구, 18(2), pp.1~26 (2011), 한국인적자원관리학회
- 배성현, "목표지향성 및 사회적 지원과 교육훈련 전이 간 관계에서 교육훈련 동기의 매개효과에 대한 연구", 인적자원관리연구, 20(5), pp.85~114 (2013), 한국인적자원관리학회[DOI]
- 백윤정, "최고경영진의 대외연결능력, 보유지식 그리고 성과와의 관련성에관한 탐색적 연구", 경영학연구, 31(5), pp.11~1422 (2002), 한국경영학회
- 손태원, "창의성 경영의 구성차원과 경영성과의 관련성 연구", 한국인사조직학회 추계학술발표 논문집, pp.81~102 (2013)
- 윤상연, "인지부조화의 발생에서 문화 차이의 의미:태도 중요도의 역할", 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 19(1), pp.69~86 (2013), 한국문화및사회문제심리학회
- 이선희, "R&D 조직 구성원들의 역량개발 활동 참여에서의 학습풍토 및 학습목표지향성의 역할: 공식적 vs. 비공식적 역량개발 활동", 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 26(2), pp.177~194 (2013), 한국산업및조직심리학회
- 이인석, "다국적기업 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관이 기업성과에 미치는 영향", 국제경영연구, 17(1), pp.69~90 (2006), 한국국제경영학회
- 이종찬, "최고경영자의 가치지향성이 조직문화와 조직효과성에 미치는 영향", 박사, 경영학, pp.1996
- 이희옥, "교육훈련특성과 상사의 리더십 유형이 교육훈련 전이에 미치는 영향", 인적자원관리연구, 19(2), pp.167~186 (2012), 한국인적자원관리학회[DOI]
- 임정연, "중소제조기업의 교육훈련 투자가 기업 성과에 미치는 영향 분석", 인적자원관리연구, 17(2), pp.139~162 (2010), 한국인적자원관리학회
- 조영복, "조직구성원의 Personal Initiative가 경력성공에 미치는 영향", 인적자원관리연구, 14(1), pp.191~215 (2007), 한국인적자원관리학회
- 주영주, "기업의 교육훈련비, 직무만족도, 이직률, 직업기초능력, 교육훈련 수행성과, 매출액 간의 구조적 관계 규명", HRD연구, 16(2), pp.57~85 (2014), 한국인력개발학회
- Amabile, T. M., "In Research in Organizational Behavior", pp.123~130 (1983), JAI Press
- Amber, J., "Psychological Contract Types as Moderator in the Breach-Violation and Violation-Burnout Relationships", The Journal of Psychology, 147(5), pp.491~515 (2013)
- Bae, J., "Organizational and HRM Strategies in Korea: Impact on Firm Performance in and Emerging Economy", Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), pp.502~517 (2000)
- Barney, J., "Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage", Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99~120 (1991)
- Baron, R. M., "The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic and Statistical Considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, pp.117~1182 (1986)
- Beatty, S., "External Search Effort: An Investigation Across Several Product Categories", Journal of Consumer Research, 14, pp.83~95 (1987)
- Campbell, B. A., "Rethinking Sustained Competitive Advantage from Human Capital", Academy of Management Review, 37(3), pp.376~395 (2012)
- Chadwick, C., "Human Resources, Human Resource Management, and the Competitive Advantage of Firms: Toward a More Comprehensive Model of Causal Linkages", Organization Science, 20(1), pp.253~272 (2009)
- Combs, J., "How Much Do High-Performance Work Practices Matter? A Meta-Analysis of Their Effects on Organizational Performance", Personnel Psychology, 59, pp.501~528 (2006)
- de Luque, M. S., "Unrequited Profit:How Stakeholder and Economic Values Relate to Subordinates’ Perceptions of Leadership and Firm Performance", Administrative Science Quarterly, 53(4), pp.626~654 (2008)
- Drucker, P, F., "Management Challenges for the 21st Century" (1999), Harper Business
- Ettlie, J. E., "Organizational Integration and Process Innovation", Academy of Management Journal, 35(4), pp.795~837 (1992)
- Georgellis, Y., "Participation in Continuous, On-the-Job Training and the Impact on Job Satisfaction: Longitudinal Evidence From the German Labour Market", International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(6), pp.969~985 (2007)
- Gill, C., "Union Impact on the Effective Adoption of High Performance Work Practices", Human Resource Management Review, 19(1), pp.39~50 (2009)
- Guthrie, J. P., "High-involvement Work Practices, Turnover, and Productivity: Evidence from New Zealand", Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), pp.180~190 (2001)
- Hambrick, D., "Upper Echelons:The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers", Academy of Management Review, 9, pp.193~206 (1984)
- Harrison, R., "Understanding Your Organization’s Character", Harvard Business Review, 50(3), pp.119~128 (1972)
- Lee, J., "People Matter:Commitment to Employee, Strategy and Performance in Korean Firm", Strategic Management Journal, 20(6), pp.579~593 (1999)
- Mahoney, J. T., "The Resource-Based View within the Conversation of Strategic Management", Strategic Management Journal, 13, pp.363~380 (1992)
- March, J. G., "Organization" (1958), Wiley
- Pfeffer, J., "The Human Equation: Building Profits by Putting People First" (1998), Harvard Business School Press
- Porter, M. E., "Creating Shared Value", Harvard Business Review, 89(1, pp.2) (2011), 62~77
- Porter, M. E., "Competitive Advantage, Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance" (1985), Free Press
- Rechins, M. L., "A Consumer Values Orientation for Materialism and Its Measurement: Scale Development and Validation", Journal of Consumer Research, 19, pp.303~306 (1992)
- Rokeach, M., "The Nature of Human Values" (1973), Free Press
- Rothwell, W. J., "Planned OJT is Productive OJT", Training and Development Journal, 44(11), pp.53~56 (1990)
- Schlegelmilch, B., "The Impact of Organizational and Environmental Variables on Strategic Market Orientation: An Empirical Investigation", Journal of Global Marketing, 13(3) (2000)
- Szilagyi, Jr. A. D., "Organizational Behavior and Performance" (1987), Scott, Foreman and Co
- Xiaofeng Zhai, X., "Role of Human Resource Practices in Enhancing Organizational Learning in Chinese Construction Organizations", Journal of Management in Engineering, 30(2), pp.194~204 (2014)
- Yazdanfar, D., "Competence Development and Performance Among Swedish Micro Firms", European Journal of Training & Development, 38(5), pp.162~179 (2014)
