『韓非子』『說林』편 寓言의 유형 분석으로 본 글쓰기 전략 - 형식과 내용에 따른 분류를 중심으로

Abstract

Han Feizi said “Generally speaking, difficulty of persuading is on whether I can fit in to someone’s need by considering one’s mind” in 「ShuoLin」. Yuyan in 「ShouLin」 examined in this paper is an effective writing strategy delivering the meaning without showing itself directly. By trying classification on feature, an assemble of stories, in 『Han Feizi』 「ShuoLin」’s 71 Yuyans, we can confirm highly developed strategy increasing its persuasion-effect. As schematizing Yuyan category and analyzing it which is related to writing strategy, we are able to find several features. First, Yuyan can be categorized by ‘who is the main character’ and ‘whether it is dependent or not’; chapter 「ShouLin」 is largely human-Yuyan and independent-Yuyan. Human-Yuyan enhances persuasion effect by creating and transforming it with usage of historical stories. Animal-Yuyan and Human-Animal-Yuyan, rarely used, are effective way to indirectly persuade the emperor by animal metaphor also decreasing a risk with direct advice. Using allegorical elements when extending range of meaning by controlling rhetorical techniques suitably and decreasing the techniques, when concentrating by direct proposal, it shows a great reconstitution. This is an aspect that represents active writing for a final goal to convincing the emperor. Second, Yuyan can be categorized into explanation type, story type, and criticism type. Han Feizi showed writer’s point indirectly and directly by explaining animal’s body structure and making storytelling. He demonstrated himself a distinguished literary philosopher using Yuyan – an effective and interesting way – which represents his political philosophy ‘Law․ Tactics․Power.’ While reading 『Han Feizi』 we can ease our prejudice about him being an inflexible jurist, which helps us realize the ground of comfortable reading is Yuyan that uses a variety of rhetoric techniques and writing strategy. Third, categorizing Yuyan in a form-content collaborative way, it can be classified into ‘analogy’ and ‘suggesting a topic.’ 「ShuoLin」 uses various analogies with mentioning small episodes and generalizing them into large ideas, which are easy to persuade the emperor. Furthermore, it enhances persuasive power by mentioning the topic in direct and indirect ways. Last, it used various methods flexibly - proverb, history, and character – as a basis of fulfillment without dividing periods. We can find Han Feizi’s realistic and active way of thinking. This paper studied how metaphorical elements are expressed by classifying Yuyan in 「 ShuoLin」 according to categories. The classification as above can help us to perceive commonness and individuality of each piece. It also enables us to examine, study, and appreciate the rules of Yuyan advancement. This classification is meaningful in that it can be a basis work for more profound research in the future.