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연안환경 수은 모니터링용 괭이갈매기 알의 산란순서별 농도 차이

Mercury Concentrations of Black-tailed Gull Eggs Depending on the Egg-Laying Order for Marine Environmental Monitoring

장희연|심규영|이종천|박종혁|최정희|이수용|이장호
한국환경영향평가학회 (Korean Society Of Environmental Impact Assessment)|2017.12|환경영향평가 (Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment)|제26권 제6호|pp. 538-552|DOI https://doi.org/10.14249/eia.2017.26.6.538

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Mercury수은괭이갈매기Black-tailed Gull알 산란순서Egg-laying Order
주제분류환경공학

초록

본 연구에서는 연안환경 오염물질 중 수은의 생물축적 모니터링 지표종인 괭이갈매기(Larus crassirostris) 알의 산란순서 간 수은 농도차이를 서해 백령도 번식지를 대상으로 분석하였다. 첫 번째(평균±표준오차, 234.4 ± 11.2 ng/g wet) 산란한 알의 총수은 농도는 두 번째(182.8 ± 9.1 ng/g wet) 산란한 알에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(각 n=18, t=8.4, p<0.01). 또한 생체특성치에서도 장경, 단경, 중량 모두 첫 번째 알(길이: 63.10 ± 0.49 mm, 단경: 44.51 ± 0.19 mm, 중량 65.53 ± 0.87 g) 이 두 번째 알(장경: 62.37 ± 0.40 mm, 단경: 43.55 ± 0.17 mm, 62.48 ± 0.72 g)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(각 n=18, 장경 t=2.4, p<0.05; 단경 t=4.3, p<0.01; 중량 t=4.2, p<0.01). 이러한차이는 알 생성기에 암컷이 섭취하는 먹이량과 관련이 있으며, 이는 수컷이 암컷에게 먹이를 공급하다가첫 번째 알을 낳으면 급이 빈도와 양을 줄이는 구애급이 행동패턴 변화와 관련이 있는 것으로 추측된다. 특히, 암컷의 섭취량 감소는 메틸수은이 주로 존재하는 알 속 흰자(albumen)의 감소에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 수은의 경우, 산란순서에 따라 축적농도가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하기 때문에 지역간 그리고 시기별 비교 모니터링을 수행할 때는 목적과 조사여건(번식경과를 고려한 채취 시기, 入島체류가능기간 등) 등을 고려하여 둥지 내 알 선택방법(첫 번째 알만 선택 또는 두 번째 알만 선택 또는 랜덤선택 등)을 일관되게 적용하는 것이 중요하다고 판단된다.

Abstract

In this study, total mercury (THg) of Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris) eggs laid on Baengnyeongdo, West Sea of Korea was analyzed in order to compare the THg concentrations of eggs depending on egg-laying order. The first-laid eggs (mean ± standard error, 234.4 ± 11.2 ng/g wet, n=18, t=8.4, p＜0.01) significantly had higher THg concentrations than the second-laid eggs (182.8 ± 9.1 ng/g wet, n=18). Also, the first-laid eggs had higher values in biometrics (length 63.10 ± 0.49 mm, t=2.4, p<0.05; width 44.51 ± 0.19 mm, t=4.3, p<0.01; weight 65.53 ± 0.87 g, t=4.2, p<0.01) than the second-laid eggs (length 62.37 ± 0.40 mm, width 43.55 ± 0.17 mm, and weight 62.48 ± 0.72 g). These differences might be attributed to the amount of food eaten by females relating to males’ courtship feeding pattern (males increase courtship feeding rate before the first eggs are laid, and decrease the rate following the laying of the first eggs). Moreover, the lower food intake of females could diminish the quantities of egg albumen that contains a protein binds to most of methylmercury during the period of egg production. Therefore, it is necessary to consistently apply one of egg selection methods (targeted selection (the first-laid egg or the second-laid egg), random selection, and etc.) in one nest for ensuring comparability of mercury concentrations among monitoring sites and monitoring years.

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