소록도에 위치한 휴경지를 습지로 활용하기 위한 생태환경분석
Ecological and Environmental Analysis for the Utilization Fallow Lands in Sorok Island as Wetlands
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초록
본 연구에서는 휴경지를 습지로써 활용하기 위해 소록도에 분포하는 3개의 휴경지를 대상으로 기상, 지형, 과거 항공사진 및 식생지수, 식생조사 연구를 수행하였다. 기상분석과 지형 분석을 통해 수분을 유지할 수 있는환경과 구조인지 확인하였으며, 과거 항공사진 및 식생지수와 식생조사를 통해 대상지 식생천이 단계를 알아보았다. 대상지는 기온이 온난하며 상대습도가 인근 지역보다 높게 나타났다. 지형적으로 인근 지역에 비해 고도가 낮고, 경사가 완만하여 강우 시 산지에서 흐르는 물이 머무르는 집수역의 역할을 할 것으로 판단되었다. 식생조사 결과 36과 76속 81종 4변종 4아종으로 총 89분류군을 포함하는 4개의 식물군락(골풀군락, 부들군락, 띠-골풀군락, 띠-억새군락)을 확인하였다. 과거 항공사진 및 식생지수와 식물 생활형을 비교 분석해 본 결과, 대상지는 1990년~2008년 사이에 경작 활동이 중단된 이후 식생천이가 진행되고 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 현재는 골풀군락이 우점하고 다년생식물종의 구성비가 다소 높은 천이 중기단계의 습지로 판단되었다.
Abstract
In this study, three fallow lands distributed in Sorokdo were selected as study sites to explore their potential utilization as wetlands. Research was conducted based on climate data, topography, historical aerial photographs, vegetation indices, and vegetation surveys. Through weather and topographical analyses, we examined whether the site possesses an environment and structure capable of retaining moisture. Additionally, historical aerial photographs, vegetation indices, and vegetation surveys were utilized to determine the successional stage of vegetation at the target site. The target sites were found to have a warm climate with relatively higher humidity compared to nearby regions. Topographically, the areas were found to have lower elevation and gentler slopes compared to the surrounding regions, suggesting their potential role as catchment zones that retain water flowing down from the mountains during rainfall. The vegetation survey identified four vegetation communities-Juncus decipiens community, Typha orientalis community, Juncus decipiens-Imperata cylindrica community, and Miscanthus sinensis-Imperata cylindrica community-comprising a total of 89 taxa, including 81 species across 36 families, 76 genera, 4 varieties, and 4 subspecies. A comparative analysis of historical aerial photographs, vegetation indices, and plant life forms revealed that the study sites have undergone vegetation succession after the cessation of agricultural activities between 1990 and 2008. Currently, the sites are dominated by Juncus decipiens communities, with a relatively high proportion of perennial plant species, indicating that they are in the mid-successional stage as wetlands.
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