Comparative Analysis of Human Epidermal and Peripheral Blood γδ T Cell Cytokine Profiles
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Background: Human epidermal γδ T cells are known toplay crucial roles in the defense and homeostasis of the skin. However, their precise mechanism of action in skin inflammationremains less clear. Objective: In this study, weanalyzed the cytokine expression profile of human epidermalγδ T cells and compared it to that of peripheralblood γδ T cells to investigate the specific activity of epidermalγδ T cells in modulating skin inflammation. Methods: We isolated γδ T cells from epidermal tissue orperipheral blood obtained from healthy volunteers. Isolatedγδ T cells were stimulated using immobilized anti-CD3 antibodyand interleukin-2 plus phytohaemagglutinin, andwere then analyzed using a cytokine array kit. Results: Bothepidermal and peripheral blood γδ T cells produced comparablelevels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulatingfactor, I-309, interferon-γ, macrophage migration inhibitoryfactor, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, andchemokine (C-C) ligand 5. The epidermal γδ T cells producedsignificantly higher levels of interleukin-4, -8, -13, andmacrophage inflammatory protein-1β than the peripheralblood γδ T cells did. Notably, the epidermal γδ T cellsproduced several hundred-fold higher levels of interleukin-13 than interleukin-4. Conclusion: These results suggestthat the epidermal γδ T cells have a stronger potentialto participate in the Th2-type response than the peripheralblood γδ T cells do. Furthermore, epidermal γδ T cellsmight play an important role in the pathogenesis ofTh2-dominant skin diseases because of their active productionof interleukin-13.
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal γδ T cells are known toplay crucial roles in the defense and homeostasis of the skin. However, their precise mechanism of action in skin inflammationremains less clear. Objective: In this study, weanalyzed the cytokine expression profile of human epidermalγδ T cells and compared it to that of peripheralblood γδ T cells to investigate the specific activity of epidermalγδ T cells in modulating skin inflammation. Methods: We isolated γδ T cells from epidermal tissue orperipheral blood obtained from healthy volunteers. Isolatedγδ T cells were stimulated using immobilized anti-CD3 antibodyand interleukin-2 plus phytohaemagglutinin, andwere then analyzed using a cytokine array kit. Results: Bothepidermal and peripheral blood γδ T cells produced comparablelevels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulatingfactor, I-309, interferon-γ, macrophage migration inhibitoryfactor, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, andchemokine (C-C) ligand 5. The epidermal γδ T cells producedsignificantly higher levels of interleukin-4, -8, -13, andmacrophage inflammatory protein-1β than the peripheralblood γδ T cells did. Notably, the epidermal γδ T cellsproduced several hundred-fold higher levels of interleukin-13 than interleukin-4. Conclusion: These results suggestthat the epidermal γδ T cells have a stronger potentialto participate in the Th2-type response than the peripheralblood γδ T cells do. Furthermore, epidermal γδ T cellsmight play an important role in the pathogenesis ofTh2-dominant skin diseases because of their active productionof interleukin-13.
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