한국 청소년의 복부비만과 관련된 생활습관
Lifestyle Habits Related to Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adolescents
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초록
연구배경: 복부비만은 성인 뿐 아니라 청소년에서도 대사장애의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 알려졌다. 그러나 청소년의복부비만의 원인 및 관련 요인에 대한 연구 결과는 거의 보고되지 않았다. 본 연구는 청소년의 복부비만과 관련 있는 생활습관을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 본 연구는 2005년 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 만12-18세 청소년 561명(남아, 305명; 여아, 256명)을 대상으로한 단면연구이다. 2007년 소아 청소년 표준 성장도표를 참조하여, 성별 연령별 허리둘레 90백분위수 이상을 복부비만으로 진단하였고, 청소년의 생활습관으로 신체활동 빈도, screen time, 에너지 및 다량 영양소 섭취량을 조사하였다. 결과: 청소년의 복부비만 유병률은 9.1% (남아, 9.4%; 여아,8.7%)이었다. 청소년의 하루 평균 screen time은 4.3±0.1시간(남아, 4.4±0.2시간; 여아, 4.2±0.2시간)이었으며, 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물의 에너지 구성비는 각각 14.8±0.2%, 23.8±0.4%, 61.4±0.5%이었다. Screen time이 5시간 이상인 청소년은 3시간 미만인 청소년에 비해 복부비만으로 진단될 가능성이 약 3배 높았으며(P-value=0.004), 지방의 에너지 섭취 비율이 35.0% 이상인청소년은 25.0% 미만인 청소년에 비해 복부비만의 유병률이약 2.6배 높았다(P-value=0.020). 남아와 여아를 나누어 분석한결과, 긴 screen time은 여아에서, 지방의 에너지 섭취 비율 증가는 남아에서 복부비만과의 관련성이 컸다. 결론: 본 연구는 청소년의 복부비만이 긴 screen time 및 고지방식과 관련이 있음을 제시하였다. 향후 효과적인 근거 중심의 소아비만 관리 프로그램의 실행을 위해서는 본 연구의 결과가 고려되어야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Background: It has been reported that the abdominal obesity can cause various metabolic abnormalities not only in adults but also in adolescents. This study was conducted to investigate lifestyle habits related to abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on 561 adolescents (305 boys and 256 girls) aged 12-18 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. The abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile for each age and gender based on the 2007 growth chart for Korean children. The frequency of physical activity, screen time, and the intake amount of energy and macronutrients were investigated as lifestyle habits. Results: The prevalence of abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents aged 12-18 years was 9.1% (Boys, 9.4%; Girls, 8.7%). The mean of daily screen time was 4.3 ± 0.1 hours (Boys, 4.4 ± 0.2 hours; Girls, 4.2 ± 0.2 hours). The subjects with daily screen time ≥ 5 hours had a 3.0 times increased risk of abdominal obesity compared to subjects with daily screen time < 3 hours (P-value = 0.004). The adjusted odds ratio of fat intake ≥ 35% of energy was 2.57 (95% confidence interval, 1.16to 5.68; P-value = 0.020) with fat intake < 25% of energy as reference. The relationship between long screen time and abdominal obesity was observed in girls and high fat intake was related to abdominal obesity in boys. Conclusion: This study shows that abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents is associated to long screen time and high fat intake.
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