Sugar content and expression of sugar metabolism-related gene in strawberry fruits from various cultivars
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is a globallycultivated and popular fruit crop, prized for its flavor and nutritional value. Sweetness, a key determinant of fruit quality, depends on the sugar composition and concentration. We selected eight strawberry cultivars based on the fruit soluble solids content to represent high and low sugar content groups. The average soluble solid content was 13.6 °Brix (Okmae, Geumsil, Aram, and Maehyang) and 2.9 °Brix (Missionary, Camino Real, Portola, and Gilgyung53), for the high and low sugar content groups, respectively. Sucrose was the main sugar in the cultivars with high sugar content, whereas fructose was the main component in the low sugar content cultivars. Fruit starch concentration ranged from 3.247±0.056 to 3.850±0.055 g/100g, with a 12% higher concentration in the high sugar content cultivars. Additionally, we identified 41 sugar metabolism-related genes in Fragaria × ananassa and analyzed the relationship between their transcripts and the sugar accumulation in fruit. FaGPT1, FaTMT1, FaHXK1, FaPHS1, FaINVA-3, and FacxINV2-1 were highly expressed in the high sugar content cultivars, while FapGlcT, FaTMT2-1, FaPHS2-1, FaSUSY1-1, and FaSUSY1-2 were highly expressed in the low sugar content cultivars. In general, a greater number of genes encoding sugar transporters or involved in sugar synthesis were highly expressed in the high sugar content cultivars. Contrarily, genes involved in sugar degradation were preferentially transcribed in the low sugar content cultivars. Although gene expression was not perfectly proportional to sugar content or concentration, our analysis of the genes involved in sugar metabolism and accumulation in strawberries provides a framework for further studies and for the subsequent engineering of sugar metabolism to enhance fruit quality.
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is a globallycultivated and popular fruit crop, prized for its flavor and nutritional value. Sweetness, a key determinant of fruit quality, depends on the sugar composition and concentration. We selected eight strawberry cultivars based on the fruit soluble solids content to represent high and low sugar content groups. The average soluble solid content was 13.6 °Brix (Okmae, Geumsil, Aram, and Maehyang) and 2.9 °Brix (Missionary, Camino Real, Portola, and Gilgyung53), for the high and low sugar content groups, respectively. Sucrose was the main sugar in the cultivars with high sugar content, whereas fructose was the main component in the low sugar content cultivars. Fruit starch concentration ranged from 3.247±0.056 to 3.850±0.055 g/100g, with a 12% higher concentration in the high sugar content cultivars. Additionally, we identified 41 sugar metabolism-related genes in Fragaria × ananassa and analyzed the relationship between their transcripts and the sugar accumulation in fruit. FaGPT1, FaTMT1, FaHXK1, FaPHS1, FaINVA-3, and FacxINV2-1 were highly expressed in the high sugar content cultivars, while FapGlcT, FaTMT2-1, FaPHS2-1, FaSUSY1-1, and FaSUSY1-2 were highly expressed in the low sugar content cultivars. In general, a greater number of genes encoding sugar transporters or involved in sugar synthesis were highly expressed in the high sugar content cultivars. Contrarily, genes involved in sugar degradation were preferentially transcribed in the low sugar content cultivars. Although gene expression was not perfectly proportional to sugar content or concentration, our analysis of the genes involved in sugar metabolism and accumulation in strawberries provides a framework for further studies and for the subsequent engineering of sugar metabolism to enhance fruit quality.
참고문헌 (29)
- Alavoine F, "Taste quality of strawberry", Acta Hortic, 265, pp.449~452 (1989)
- Basson CE, "Sugar and acid-related quality attributes and enzyme activities in strawberry fruits: Invertase is the main sucrose hydrolysing enzyme", Food Chem, 121, pp.1156~1162 (2010)[DOI]
- Butowt R, "A putative plastidic glucose translocator is expressed in heterotrophic tissues that do not contain starch, during olive (Olea europea L.) fruit ripening", Plant Cell Physiol, 44, pp.1152~1161 (2003)[DOI]
- Castro I, "Comparative study of Selva and Camarosa strawberries for the commercial market", J Food Sci, 67, pp.2132~2137 (2002)[DOI]
- Dai N, "Metabolism of soluble sugars in developing melon fruit: A global transcriptional view of the metabolic transition to sucrose accumulation", Plant Mol Biol, 76, pp.1~18 (2011)[DOI]
- Fettke J, "Cytosolic heteroglycans in photoautotrophic and in heterotrophic plant cells", Phytochemistry, 70, pp.696~702 (2009)[DOI]
- Forney CF, "Sugar content and uptake in strawberry fruit", J Am Soc Hortic Sci, 111, pp.241~247 (1986)
- Gunduz K, "The effects of genotype and growing conditions on antioxidant capacity, phenolic compounds, organic acid and individual sugars of strawberry", Food Chem, 155, pp.298~303 (2014)[DOI]
- Hubbard N, "Sucrose phosphate synthase and other sucrose metabolising enzymes in fruits of various species", Physiol Plantarum, 82, pp.191~196 (1991)[DOI]
- Jia H, "Abscisic acid and sucrose regulate tomato and strawberry fruit ripening through the abscisic acid-stress-ripening transcription factor", Plant Biotechnol J, 14, pp.2045~2065 (2016)[DOI]
- Jia H, "Sucrose functions as a signal involved in the regulation of strawberry fruit development and ripening", New Phytol, 198, pp.453~465 (2013)[DOI]
- Kafkas E, "Quality characteristics of strawberry genotypes at different maturation stages", Food Chem, 100, pp.1229~1236 (2007)[DOI]
- Kallio H, "Sugars and acids of strawberry varieties", Eur Food Res Technol, 212, pp.81~85 (2000)[DOI]
- Makinen K, "A quantitative study of mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol and xylose in wild berries and commercial fruits", J Food Sci, 45, pp.367~371 (1980)[DOI]
- Linka M, "Shuffling ammonia between mitochondria and plastids during photorespiration", Trends Plant Sci, 10, pp.461~465 (2005)[DOI]
- Park JI, "Modification of sugar composition in strawberry fruit by antisense suppression of an ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase", Mol Breed, 17, pp.269~279 (2006)[DOI]
- Pelayo-Zaldivar C, "Cultivar and harvest date effects on flavor and other quality attributes of California strawberries", J Food Quality, 28, pp.78~97 (2005)[DOI]
- Ranwala A, "Soluble and wallbound invertases in strawberry fruit", Plant Sci, 84, pp.59~64 (1992)[DOI]
- Reyes FGR, "Comparison of enzymatic, gas-liquid chromatographic, and high performance liquid chromatographic methods for determining sugars and organic acids in strawberries at three growth stages of maturity", J Assoc Off Anal Chem, 65, pp.126~131 (1982)
- Rolland F, "Sugar sensing and signaling in plants: conserved and novel mechanisms", Annu Rev Plant Biol, 57, pp.675~709 (2006)[DOI]
- Ruan YL, "Sugar input, metabolism, and signaling mediated by invertase: Roles in development, yield potential, and response to drought and heat", Mol Plant, 3, pp.942~955 (2010)[DOI]
- Ashokraj Shanmugam, "Sugar content analysis and expression profiling of sugar related genes in contrasting Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars", Journal of Plant Biotechnology, 44(2), pp.178~190 (2017), 한국식물생명공학회
- Shanmugavelan P, "Evaluation of sugar content and composition in commonly consumed Korean vegetables, fruits, cereals, seed plants, and leaves by HPLC-ELSD", Carbohydr Res, 380, pp.112~117 (2013)[DOI]
- Souleyre E, "Starch metabolism in developing strawberry (Fragaria <TEX>$\times$<", TEX> ananassa ) fruits, 2004, pp.121, 369~376
- Sturm K, "The composition of fruit of different strawberry varieties depending on maturity stage", Food Chem, 83, pp.417~422 (2003)[DOI]
- Wang SY, "Temperatures after bloom affect plant growth and fruit quality of strawberry", Sci Hortic-Amsterdam, 85, pp.183~199 (2000)[DOI]
- Wozniak W, "Sugars and acid content influence organoleptic evaluation of fruits of six strawberry cultivars from controlled cultivation", Acta Hortic, 439, pp.333~339 (1997)
- Woodward J, "Physicaland chemicalchanges in developing strawberry fruits", J Sci Food Agric, 23, pp.465~473 (1972)[DOI]
- Yu D, "Comparison and improvement of different methods of RNA isolation from Strawberry (Fragria <TEX>$\times$<", TEX> ananassa), 2012, pp.4, 51~56